Health professional’s job satisfaction and its determinants in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract

Background Health professional’s job satisfaction is directly related to patient satisfaction and quality of care. Without satisfied health professionals the health system is not functional, and the national and global health related plans are not achieved. However, little is known on the level of health professional’s job satisfaction in sub Saharan African countries including Ethiopia. In addition, in Ethiopia there is no summarized evidence helped us an input to design strategies. Therefore, we aimed to assess the pooled prevalence of health professional’s job satisfaction and its determinants in Ethiopia. Methods Articles were searched from PubMed, PsycINFO, Hinari, Science Direct, web of science and African journal of online (AJOL) databases, Google and Google scholar. A standardized Microsoft excel spread sheet and STATA software version 16 were used for data extraction and analysis respectively. We followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis to write this report. A random effect meta-analysis model was used to determine the pooled prevalence of job satisfaction. I2 was done to check heterogeneity. Egger’s test and funnel plot were conducted to detect publication bias. Subgroup analysis was also conducted. Association was expressed through pooled odd ratio with a 95% CI. Result In this review and meta-analysis, a total of 29 studies were included. The pooled prevalence of health professional’s job satisfaction was 46.17% [95% CI (43.08, 49.26)]. The heterogeneity and publication bias test results were I2 = 87.3%, P < 0.001 and Eggers’, P = 0.16. Female sex; OR: 2.20 [95% CI (1.63, 2.97)], working environment; OR: 9.50 [95% CI (6.25, 14.44)], opportunity for professional growth and development; OR: 5.53 [95% CI (1.56, 19.56)], staff relationship; OR: 3.89 [95% CI (1.65, 9.17)] and supportive supervision; OR: 5.32 [95% CI (1.77, 15.92)] were associated with health professional’s job satisfaction. Conclusion More than half of professionals were dissatisfied with their jobs. Therefore, the ministry of health and stakeholders better to design strategies to increase the level of satisfaction. Furthermore, it is better to strengthen staff relationship and making the working environment more attractive and equipped.

Magnitude of job satisfaction and intention to leave their present job among nurses in selected federal hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

“…According to the results of this study, the magnitude of satisfaction of their current job among nurses in the selected hospitals was only 47.6%. This finding is almost consistent with a pooled prevalence of job satisfaction among health professionals in Ethiopia [ 12 ]. Conversely, the result is much lower than the result of a study performed in a tertiary center in Keno, Northwest Nigeria, in which the magnitude of satisfaction of nurses with their jobs was 90.4% [ 30 ].…”

“…Similar to this evidence, the results of this study also show that there is a strong relationship between intentions to leave one’s current job and a lack of personal development opportunities. This result is supported by numerous research findings [ 12 , 20 , 35 ].…”

“…The magnitude of intention to leave across African countries ranged from 18.8 to 41.4% [ 5 , 16 ], and in Ethiopia, it ranged between 50 and 83.7% [ 1 , 12 , 17 – 20 ]. While Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is home to 12% of the global population, it only employs 3.5% of the global health workforce, which is disproportionate to 27% of the global burden of disease on the continent [ 21 ].…”

Impact of reliable light and electricity on job satisfaction among maternity health workers in Uganda: A cluster randomized trial

“…In addition, factors other than light or electricity, such as financial incentives, career development, or management issues [ 37 ], also play a significant role in health workers’ job satisfaction in our study setting. Qualitative data also underlined other facility challenges important to health workers, such as lack of medical supplies, equipment, space, security, and training, which are common challenges for health workers in resource-constrained settings [ 9 , 38 , 41 ]. Consistent with previous evidence [ 9 , 40 , 42 , 43 ], our findings highlight the necessity of reliable light for health facilities to improve quality of maternal and newborn care while pointing toward the importance of comprehensive interventions tailored to address multiple barriers in a health system.…”

Determinants of health professionals’ engagement at Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital in Southwest Ethiopia

“…The financial performance of healthcare organizations with highly engaged staff is superior, and their patients receive good care on schedule [ 15 ]. Ethiopian statistics show that the brain drain has left the country with a shortage of health professionals [ 16 ].…”