“…Specifically, individuals with co-occurring SUD and PTSD have worse treatment outcomes and experience more psychiatric, medical, legal, and social problems than those with just one of these disorders (Driessen et al, 2008;Najavits et al, 1998;Najavits, Weiss, & Shaw, 1997;Norman, Tate, Anderson, & Brown, 2007;Ouimette & Brown, 2002;Ouimette, Brown, & Najavits, 1998;Tate, Norman, McQuaid, & Brown, 2007). When compared to SUD-only patients, patients with PTSD and SUD tend to relapse sooner (Brown, Stout, & Mueller, exacerbation of PTSD symptoms (Brown, Stout, GannonRowley, 1998).…”