Health literacy, digital literacy and eHealth literacy in Danish nursing students at entry and graduate level: a cross sectional study

Abstract

Background: The increasing number of people living with one or more chronic conditions imposes a growing demand on healthcare providers. One way to handle this challenge is by re-orientating the way care is provided, empower people and increase their ability to manage their condition. This requires, amongst other factors, sufficient level of health literacy (HL) and digital competences among both patients and the healthcare providers, who serve them. The focus of this study is the level of HL, digital literacy (DL), and eHealth literacy (eHL) in nursing students in Denmark. The objective was to examine the level of these three literacies in entry-and graduate-level nursing students and examine sociodemographic characteristics and self-rated health (SRH) associations. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 227 students at entry-level and 139 students at graduatelevel from a nursing program. The survey consisted of the health literacy questionnaire (HLQ (nine scales)), the eHealth Literacy Assessment toolkit (eHLA (seven scales)), the eHealth Literacy Questionnaire (eHLQ (seven scales)), questions soliciting sociodemographic data, and a single item assessing the students' SRH. Pearson's chi-square test and the Mann-Whitney test were used to examine the differences in HL, DL, and eHL and between groups, and Kendall's tau-b test to examine correlations between SRH and HL, DL, and eHL. Results: The level of HL, DL and eHL tended to be higher among graduate-level students than in entry-level students and was satisfactory. Age, sex, country of origin, and parents' educational level and occupational background influenced students' HL levels. SRH was higher in students at the graduate level. Amongst entry-level students, SRH was positively associated to seven HLQ, four EHLA and four eHLQ, amongst graduate-level students, SRH was positively associated to seven HLQ and six eHLQ.Conclusions: Educators must be aware of how sociodemographic factors affects students' literacies and increase learning opportunities by mixing students when planning activities. Considering the higher SRH in graduate-level students, HL, DL, and eHL levels indicate that current curricula and study activities are appropriate, but there is still room for improvement.

Nursing Students’ Health Literacy Level and Health Practices: a Cross Sectional Study at a University in Namibia

“…This in contrast to other results. Final year nursing students showed signi cantly higher self-related health than the rst year students [33] did. As students progressed in their nursing studies, they showed improved health practices including more exercises and dietary practices [35].…”

“…Gender, marital status and chronic disease status were not correlated to health literacy. Previous studies con rm that age signi cantly in uences health literacy [33] and con rms that gender do not determine the level of health literacy [31] as well as having a chronic disease or not [33]. However, gender has been found to show differences in health literacy levels among nursing students [26].…”

Filipino Nursing Students' eHealth Literacy and Criteria Used for Selection of Health Websites

“…Among nursing student samples, a low or inadequate self-perceived level of eHealth literacy was reported in Ethiopia [14] and Sri Lanka [15] while moderate eHealth literacy was disclosed with nursing students in Jordan [2], Nepal [3], and Japan [16]. On the other hand, nursing students in Korea [10] and Denmark [17] reported satisfactory eHealth literacy. A comparison of American and Korean nursing students' eHealth literacy found that nursing students in the US posted higher mean scores of eHealth literacy [1].…”

Machine versus human translation outputs: Which one results in better reading comprehension among EFL learners?

“…In spite of advantages mentioned for mt, some disadvantages have also been reported by some studies. The mt quality highly depends on subject area, text type, size as well as language pair which imposes limitations on the quality of the output generated by mt (Godwin-Jones, 2015;Holt, Overgaard & Engel, 2020). Some studies (Shei, 2002a(Shei, , 2002b have shown that there are limitations regarding mt pre-editing at cultural, lexicosemantic and idiomatic levels.…”