Health, Inequality, and Economic Development

Deaton, Angus

doi:10.1257/002205103321544710

Cited by 526 publications

(329 citation statements)

References 144 publications

(27 reference statements)

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“…Proposed explanations for such divergent economic trajectories have focused on a number of ways in which per capita income feeds back on other economically important variables, such as conflict, political institutions, land degradation, fertility and, notably, infectious diseases (Dasgupta & Ray 1987;Deaton 2003;Collier 2007a). The literature on the interactions between income and disease tends to be unidirectional and to focus on either the effects of (i) income on health or (ii) health on income.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poverty trap formed by the ecology of infectious diseases

et al. 2009

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While most of the world has enjoyed exponential economic growth, more than one-sixth of the world is today roughly as poor as their ancestors were many generations ago. Widely accepted general explanations for the persistence of such poverty have been elusive and are needed by the international development community. Building on a well-established model of human infectious diseases, we show how formally integrating simple economic and disease ecology models can naturally give rise to poverty traps, where initial economic and epidemiological conditions determine the long-term trajectory of the health and economic development of a society. This poverty trap may therefore be broken by improving health conditions of the population. More generally, we demonstrate that simple human ecological models can help explain broad patterns of modern economic organization.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Poverty trap formed by the ecology of infectious diseases

et al. 2009

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“…For poor populations in general, physical health is a fundamentally important component of economic productivity because the poor rely almost exclusively on their physical labour [34]. Development economists are therefore paying increasing attention to the biological foundation of economic performance among the poor [6,10,30,62,63]. Despite the significant interest in the role of health in economic development across the biological and economic sciences, there remains a dearth of integrated theoretical frameworks for understanding poverty and health dynamics at the population level.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health safety nets can break cycles of poverty and disease: a stochastic ecological model

Pluciński

Ngonghala

Bonds

2011

J. R. Soc. Interface.

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The persistence of extreme poverty is increasingly attributed to dynamic interactions between biophysical processes and economics, though there remains a dearth of integrated theoretical frameworks that can inform policy. Here, we present a stochastic model of disease-driven poverty traps. Whereas deterministic models can result in poverty traps that can only be broken by substantial external changes to the initial conditions, in the stochastic model there is always some probability that a population will leave or enter a poverty trap. We show that a 'safety net', defined as an externally enforced minimum level of health or economic conditions, can guarantee ultimate escape from a poverty trap, even if the safety net is set within the basin of attraction of the poverty trap, and even if the safety net is only in the form of a public health measure. Whereas the deterministic model implies that small improvements in initial conditions near the poverty-trap equilibrium are futile, the stochastic model suggests that the impact of changes in the location of the safety net on the rate of development may be strongest near the poverty-trap equilibrium.

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“…mean length of lifespan) with the following result: wealthier countries are more likely to have healthier inhabitants; with a concave relationship (Bloom & Canning, 2007). As Deaton (2003) concludes from the results of his study of Preston curve, the level of health status also depends on the wealth of the country according to the law of diminishing returns. Furthermore, in countries with a higher life standard, the distribution of financial incomes among the population takes on importance.…”

Section: Key Factors Influencing Health Care Expendituresmentioning

confidence: 96%

Economic Evaluation of Health Care Utilization in the Slovak Republic

Haramiova

Malovecka

Koblišková

et al. 2016

CBUP

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Due to the economic changes and fast progress in health technologies countries face the challenge of rapidly growing health expenditures. Drug policies focus on identification of the most problematic areas for implementation of cost-effective measures. For this purpose, they need to be provided with accurate analyses of health expenditures and drug utilization. Primary aim of this study was to analyze health expenditures of Slovak Republic in regards to factors, which are considered to have the largest influence on provision of health care. Secondarily we focused on providing a brief drug utilization analysis. Our study confirmed that since 2000 Slovakia invests a larger share of GDP in health care, while in 2013 overall health expenditure amounted 5.6 million EUR (7.6% of GDP). Despite recent growth (233.6 % since 2000), Slovakia remains under OECD average in regards to health expenditures per capita (PPP, USD). However, it is on the 2 nd place among V4 countries. Patients' share of the overall health expenditures is increasing 12.8 times faster than public reimbursement. Up to 1.5 million EUR was spent on pharmaceuticals in 2013. The most utilized group of drugs in terms of DIDs and sales were cardiovascular drugs. JEL Classification Number: I50, DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.12955/cbup.v4.763

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Health, Inequality, and Economic Development

Cited by 526 publications

References 144 publications

Poverty trap formed by the ecology of infectious diseases

Poverty trap formed by the ecology of infectious diseases

Health safety nets can break cycles of poverty and disease: a stochastic ecological model

Economic Evaluation of Health Care Utilization in the Slovak Republic

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