Health in Prison: Does Penitentiary Medicine in Italy Still Exist?

Bolcato, Matteo; Fiore, Vito; Casella, Filomena; Babudieri, Sergio; Lucania, Luciano; Mizio, Giulio Di

doi:10.3390/healthcare9111511

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

(22 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Furthermore, WLWH were reported to have suspended HAART before incarceration and to have restarted HAART after prison admission. This confirms that prison settings represent an extraordinary occasion for healthcare provision, guaranteeing the elimination of health disparities in underserved populations [ 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ]. Furthermore, this highlights the importance of the linkage to care in territorial services, reducing losses in follow-up and reducing HAART discontinuations.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Women Living with HIV in Italian Prison Settings: Results from the Gender-Specific ROSE Network

Rastrelli

Fiore

Ranieri

et al. 2023

Viruses

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Incarcerated women are a minority in the Italian prison population. The lack of prevention and awareness of HIV infection and the lack of access to treatment make the treatment path difficult. Methods: we conducted a multi-center study including incarcerated women living with HIV (WLWH). Results: The study included 85 WLWH with a mean age of 41.7 ± 8.7 years, and 58.8% (50/85) of them were Italian. Principally, HIV transmission was related to sexual intercourse, 47% of all patients were PWIDs, and 62.5% of them were on opioid substitution therapy (OST). Overall, 56.4% of the included patients had a CD4+ cell count of >500 cells/mmc. Among the participants, 92.9% were on antiretroviral therapy, 87.3% had treatment before incarceration, and 83.5% were virologically suppressed. Among the 13 non-virally-suppressed patients, 53.8% were unaware of their serological status before incarceration and had started HAART but were still not virologically suppressed; 46.2% (6/13) had a lack of compliance or had suspended the treatment before incarceration and restarted it after admission. All patients with chronic hepatitis C underwent treatment with direct-acting antivirals and reached a sustained virological response. Conclusions: the detention of these women could represent an occasion for the patients’ healthcare provision and use, and the creation of a gender-specific network can be an effective strategy for reaching this population.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Women Living with HIV in Italian Prison Settings: Results from the Gender-Specific ROSE Network

Rastrelli

Fiore

Ranieri

et al. 2023

Viruses

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…9, dated 17 February 2012, the number of REMS facilities and beds required throughout Italy was set using quantitative parameters, which necessitate reevaluation over time to ensure they continue to meet the actual needs. In fact, the number of persons who have received a custodial security order is significantly greater than the number of available REMS beds, posing an immediate turnover problem to facilities that are unable to ensure sufficient rotation of beds in time to take charge of new patients given similar orders by the Judiciary [ 22 , 23 ]. The inability to accommodate the actual demand has led to the phenomenon of the ever-expanding waiting list.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protection of Prisoners with Mental Health Disorders in Italy: Lights and Shadows after the Abolition of Judicial Psychiatric Hospitals

Mizio

Bolcato

Rivellini³

et al. 2022

IJERPH

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In Italy, a person suffering from a mental disorder who commits a crime will be given a custodial security order and serve the period of admission at a Residenza per la esecuzione delle misure di sicurezza (REMS) (Residence for the Execution of Security Measures, hereinafter “REMS”). These institutions have been established recently and though equipped with the necessary safety measures, the focus is on psychiatric therapy. Despite being present on a national scale, access is very limited in terms of capacity. Immediate remedial measures are needed, so much so that the European Court of Human Rights recently condemned Italy for this very reason. This article, through a review of the constitutive principles of these institutions, shows how they have very positive aspects such as the attention to necessary psychotherapy in order to protect the right to health and the real taking charge of the fragility of the subjects; however, it is seen how there are many negative aspects linked above all to the scarce availability of places in these structures. The article provides suggestions on a more comprehensive strategy for facilities for detainees with mental disorders.

show abstract

“…Preventive interventions should target these risk factors associated with suicide in prison and might improve the assessment of risk, risk stratification, as well as resource allocation in prison services. In Italy, all inmates received adequate health assistance [ 70 ], but clinical records do not usually report the committed crime. Our data suggest that for homicide offenders, the crime itself represents a specific risk factor; thus, it should be taken into consideration in a suicide risk assessment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Do Homicide Perpetrators Have Higher Rates of Delayed-Suicide Than the Other Offenders? Data from a Sample of the Inmate Population in Italy

Raddi

Baralla

D’Argenio

et al. 2022

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Homicide-suicide can be defined as homicide followed by the suicide of the perpetrator shortly afterward. In the so-called “homicide-delayed suicide”, homicide and suicide occur but within a wide and not strictly defined timeframe. This study analyzes data concerning the suicide of 667 inmates in Italy between 2002 and 2015, considering homicide perpetrators compared to all offenders. The analyses revealed that inmates who had committed homicide were more likely to commit suicide (71% versus 45%; χ2 = 10.952, p = 0.001) and the odds of suicide increase concerning 1.58 times among homicide perpetrators. The time-to-suicide interval after homicide ranges between 0 to 9.125 days (mean = 1.687,9; SD = 2.303,1). Moreover, the intimate-homicide offenders who committed suicide had a significantly shorter survival time after the offense than did the other non-intimate offenders who died by suicide (t test, t = −3.56, df = 90, p = 0.001). The link between homicide and higher suicide risk in homicide perpetrators should be highlighted because of all the homicide offenders passing through the criminal justice system. Superior knowledge about the path of homicide-delayed suicide will be of particular use to professionals in evaluating and treating homicide inmates.

show abstract

Health in Prison: Does Penitentiary Medicine in Italy Still Exist?

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

Women Living with HIV in Italian Prison Settings: Results from the Gender-Specific ROSE Network

Women Living with HIV in Italian Prison Settings: Results from the Gender-Specific ROSE Network

Protection of Prisoners with Mental Health Disorders in Italy: Lights and Shadows after the Abolition of Judicial Psychiatric Hospitals

Do Homicide Perpetrators Have Higher Rates of Delayed-Suicide Than the Other Offenders? Data from a Sample of the Inmate Population in Italy

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About