Health Implications of Disrupted Circadian Rhythms and the Potential for Daylight as Therapy

Brainard, Jason; Gobel, Merit; Scott, Benjamin; Koeppen, Michael; Eckle, Tobias

doi:10.1097/aln.0000000000000596

Cited by 62 publications

(60 citation statements)

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“…Biological systems in all organisms had to adapt to sunlight cycles and oxygen saturation to survive. As a result, almost all organisms on this planet are equipped with light and oxygen sensing proteins [4, 5]. Light sensing proteins are known as circadian rhythm proteins.…”

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confidence: 99%

Circadian MicroRNAs in Cardioprotection

Oyama

Bartman

Gile

et al. 2017

CPD

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The most dramatic feature of life on Earth is our adaptation to the cycle of day and night. Throughout evolutionary time, almost all living organisms developed a molecular clock linked to the light-dark cycles of the sun. In present time, we know that this molecular clock is crucial to maintain metabolic and physiological homeostasis. Indeed, a dysregulated molecular clockwork is a major contributing factor to many metabolic diseases. In fact, the time of onset of acute myocardial infarction exhibits a circadian periodicity and recent studies found that the light regulated circadian rhythm protein Period 2 (PER2) elicits endogenous cardioprotection from ischemia. Manipulating the molecular clockwork may prove beneficial during myocardial ischemia in humans. MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNA molecules capable of silencing messenger RNA (mRNA) targets. MicroRNA dysregulation has been linked to cancer development, cardiovascular and neurological diseases, lipid metabolism, and impaired immunity. Therefore, microRNAs are gaining interest as putative novel disease biomarkers and therapeutic targets. To identify circadian microRNA-based cardioprotective pathways, a recent study evaluated transcriptional changes of PER2 dependent microRNAs during myocardial ischemia. Out of 352 most abundantly expressed microRNAs, miR-21 was amongst the top PER2 dependent microRNAs and was shown to mediate PER2 elicited cardioprotection. Further analysis suggested circadian entrainment via intense light therapy to be a potential strategy to enhance miR-21 activity in humans. In this review, we will focus on circadian microRNAs in the context of cardioprotection and will highlight new discoveries, which could lead to novel therapeutic concepts to treat myocardial ischemia.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Circadian MicroRNAs in Cardioprotection

Oyama

Bartman

Gile

et al. 2017

CPD

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“…during sepsis, heart ischemia or lung disease), the need to monitor light or to treat disrupted circadian rhythms has not been introduced into clinical practice yet. During the last few years, groundbreaking research has revealed a multitude of circadian genes affecting a variety of clinical diseases, including diabetes, obesity, sepsis, cardiac ischemia, and sudden cardiac death (2, 4, 5). Interestingly, the ICU environment in particular has been shown to disrupt the circadian system of patients (2).…”

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“…Future analysis of different light conditions in different settings seems mandatory to understand the impact on health and well-being. Future research will hopefully guide us how to use light a therapy (2, 4, 5). …”

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“…Martino et al (24) follow with a review on how disrupted circadian rhythms could be a major player in the development of cardiovascular disease (3–5). The cardiovascular system exhibits significant daily rhythms in physiologic processes (heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac contractility and function), and molecular gene and protein expression.…”

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“…However, more important is that disruption of a circadian rhythm function leads directly to disease development and might be an important factor for disease severity in critical ill patients (2, 5). Even though we have realized that our environment – in the hospital or at home - has a significant impact on the integrity of circadian rhythms and sleep we still have not established a monitoring system or a potent therapy to restore a dysfunctional circadian system.…”

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Editorial (Thematic Issue: Health Impact and Management of a Disrupted Circadian Rhythm and Sleep in Critical Illnesses)

Eckle

2015

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Colder Weather and Fewer Sunlight Hours Increase Alcohol Consumption and Alcoholic Cirrhosis Worldwide

et al. 2019

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Risk of alcoholic cirrhosis is determined by genetic and environmental factors. We aimed to investigate if climate has a causal effect on alcohol consumption and its weight on alcoholic cirrhosis. We collected extensive data from 193 sovereign countries as well as 50 states and 3,144 counties in the United States. Data sources included World Health Organization, World Meteorological Organization, and the Institute on Health Metrics and Evaluation. Climate parameters comprised Koppen-Geiger classification, average annual sunshine hours, and average annual temperature. Alcohol consumption data, pattern of drinking, health indicators, and alcohol-attributable fraction (AAF) of cirrhosis were obtained. The global cohort revealed an inverse correlation between mean average temperature and average annual sunshine hours with liters of annual alcohol consumption per capita (Spearman's rho −0.5 and −0.57, respectively). Moreover, the percentage of heavy episodic drinking and total drinkers among population inversely correlated with temperature −0.45 and −0.49 (P < 0.001) and sunshine hours −0.39 and −0. 57 (P < 0.001). Importantly, AAF was inversely correlated with temperature −0.45 (P < 0.001) and sunshine hours −0.6 (P < 0.001). At a global level, all included parameters in the univariable and multivariable analysis showed an association with liters of alcohol consumption and drinkers among population once adjusted by potential confounders. In the multivariate analysis, liters of alcohol consumption associated with AAF. In the United States, colder climates showed a positive correlation with the age-standardized prevalence of heavy and binge drinkers. Conclusion: These results suggest that colder climates may play a causal role on AAF mediated by alcohol consumption. (Hepatology

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Health Implications of Disrupted Circadian Rhythms and the Potential for Daylight as Therapy

Abstract: This paper reviews the molecular basis of circadian rhythms and the pathophysiologic consequences of alterations in these rhythms, and explores the concept of daylight as therapy to restore disrupted circadian rhythms and improve clinical outcomes.

Cited by 62 publications

References 28 publications

Circadian MicroRNAs in Cardioprotection

Circadian MicroRNAs in Cardioprotection

Editorial (Thematic Issue: Health Impact and Management of a Disrupted Circadian Rhythm and Sleep in Critical Illnesses)

Colder Weather and Fewer Sunlight Hours Increase Alcohol Consumption and Alcoholic Cirrhosis Worldwide

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