Health Impacts of Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation: Current Scientific Debates and Regulatory Issues

Vaiserman, Alexander; Koliada, Alexander; Zabuga, O. G.; Socol, Yehoshua

doi:10.1177/1559325818796331

Cited by 170 publications

(137 citation statements)

References 250 publications

(337 reference statements)

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“…Besides, it was remarkable that, levels of biogenic amines, as well as all behavioral test parameters, were normalized when low dose radiation combined with resveratrol prior to diazepam induction, which could be a reasonable consequence of its antioxidant effects. 50 Several depression treatments have been revealed against depression but none of them has been found to be quite efficient to cure in short interval of time. 51 It is rational to suggest that the additive effect of the antioxidant properties of LDR to resveratrol offers efficient protection against diazepam-induced oxidative damage to brain.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low dose γ radiation enhances antidepressant effect of resveratrol: Behavioral and neurochemical studies

Karam

Radwan

2020

Environmental Toxicology

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The low dose of radiation (LDR) has received growing attention for its beneficial neuroprotective effect. This study was designed to investigate the enhancing effect of LDR on the antidepressant potential of resveratrol against diazepam‐induced depression in mice. Female mice divided into five groups; control, diazepam (2 mg/kg), LDR (0.5Gy) + diazepam, resveratrol (20 mg/kg) + diazepam, LDR + resveratrol+diazepam. Mice received diazepam showed depressive symptoms as evidenced by decreased locomotor activity in the open field and increased immobility time in the forced swimming and tail suspension tests integrated with a marked decline in biogenic amines (serotonin, norepinephrine, and dopamine) in brain tissues. These effects were ameliorated by LDR or resveratrol administration demonstrating an antidepressant activity. Interestingly, LDR triggered the antidepressant effect of resveratrol as it restored the changes in behavioral tests, neurotransmitters, and neuro‐histoarchitecture. In conclusion, these findings suggested that LDR could be considered as a novel adjuvant that augmented the resveratrol antidepressant effect and might serve as a potential therapeutic approach for depression.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low dose γ radiation enhances antidepressant effect of resveratrol: Behavioral and neurochemical studies

Karam

Radwan

2020

Environmental Toxicology

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“…The overuse of medical imaging, when involves methods delivering ionizing radiation, increases the radiation exposure and thus the associated risks such as cancer induction [50,51]. The risk of overdiagnosis is particularly important in the setting of cancer screening or emergency [52][53][54].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Overdiagnosis and overimaging: an ethical issue for radiological protection

et al. 2019

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Aims and objectives This study aimed to analyse the key factors that influence the overimaging using X-ray such as selfreferral, defensive medicine and duplicate imaging studies and to emphasize the ethical problem that derives from it. Materials and methods In this study, we focused on the more frequent sources of overdiagnosis such as the total-body CT, proposed in the form of screening in both public and private sector, the choice of the most sensitive test for each pathology such as pulmonary embolism, ultrasound investigations mostly of the thyroid and of the prostate and MR examinations, especially of the musculoskeletal system. Results The direct follow of overdiagnosis and overimaging is the increase in the risk of contrast media infusion, radiant damage, and costs in the worldwide healthcare system. The theme of the costs of overdiagnosis is strongly related to inappropriate or poorly appropriate imaging examination. Conclusions We underline the ethical imperatives of trust and right conduct, because the major ethical problems in radiology emerge in the justification of medical exposures of patients in the practice. A close cooperation and collaboration across all the physicians responsible for patient care in requiring imaging examination is also important, balancing possible ionizing radiation disadvantages and patient benefits in terms of care.

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“…also suggest the existence of a radiation range with lifespan-extending effect, a phenomenon known as "longevity hormesis". 2,[21][22][23] Hormetic effects of low-dose radiation could be the result of several potential mechanisms, such as the activation of DNA repair, activation of endogenous antioxidant systems, induction of the heat shock protein response, stimulation of immune responses, etc. [24][25][26][27] Whatever the case, it seems that Kondo was indeed correct when stated that "The collected…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Background radiation impacts human longevity and cancer mortality: Reconsidering the linear no-threshold paradigm

David

Wolfson

Fraifeld

2019

Preprint

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BACKGROUNDThe current linear-no-threshold paradigm assumes that any exposure to ionizing radiation carries some risk, thus every effort should be made to maintain the exposures as low as possible. Here, we examined whether background radiation impacts human longevity and cancer mortality. METHODSOur data covered the entire US population of the 3139 US counties, encompassing over 320 million people. The data on background radiation levels, the average of 5-year age-adjusted cancer mortality rates, and life expectancy for both males and females in each county, was extracted using publicly available tools from official sources, and analyzed with JMP®™ software. RESULTSWe found for the first time that life expectancy, the most integrative index of population health, was approximately 2.5 years longer in people living in areas with a relatively high vs.low background radiation (≥ 180 mrem/year and ≤ 100 mrem/year, respectively; p < 0.005; 95% confidence interval [CI]). This radiation-induced lifespan extension could to a great extent be associated with the decrease in cancer mortality rate observed for several common cancers (lung, pancreas and colon cancers for both genders, and brain and bladder cancers for males only; p < 0.05; 95% CI). CONCLUSIONSExposure to a high background radiation displays clear beneficial health effects in humans.These hormetic effects provide strong evidence for re-considering the linear no-threshold paradigm, at least within the natural range of low-dose radiation.data strongly suggest that low-level radiation is not harmful, and is, in fact, frequently 'apparently beneficial' for human health." 28 13

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Health Impacts of Low-Dose Ionizing Radiation: Current Scientific Debates and Regulatory Issues

Cited by 170 publications

References 250 publications

Low dose γ radiation enhances antidepressant effect of resveratrol: Behavioral and neurochemical studies

Low dose γ radiation enhances antidepressant effect of resveratrol: Behavioral and neurochemical studies

Overdiagnosis and overimaging: an ethical issue for radiological protection

Background radiation impacts human longevity and cancer mortality: Reconsidering the linear no-threshold paradigm

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