Health Impact Assessment

Collins, Janet L.; Koplan, Jeffrey P.

doi:10.1001/jama.2009.1050

Cited by 158 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Fulfilling the consistency assumption allows for a closer connection between observational studies and inferences about actions based on those studies. In practice, this aligns with the so-called health in all policies approach (56, 57), a cross-sectoral view of how policies shaping social determinants of health outside of the health sector (e.g. in the education, housing and/or workforce sectors) can be used to improve health.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

The Consistency Assumption for Causal Inference in Social Epidemiology: When a Rose Is Not a Rose

2016

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The assumption that exposures as measured in observational settings have clear and specific definitions underpins epidemiologic research and allows us to use observational data to predict outcomes in interventions. This leap between exposures as measured and exposures as intervened upon is typically supported by the consistency assumption. The consistency assumption has received extensive attention in risk factor epidemiology but relatively little emphasis in social epidemiology. However, violations of the consistency assumption may be especially important to consider when understanding how social and economic exposures influence health. Efforts to clarify the definitions of our exposures, thus bolstering the consistency assumption, will help guide interventions to improve population health and reduce health disparities. This article focuses on the consistency assumption as considered within social epidemiology. We explain how this assumption is articulated in the causal inference literature and give examples of how it might be violated for three common exposure in social epidemiology research: income, education and neighborhood characteristics. We conclude that there is good reason to worry about consistency assumption violations in much of social epidemiology research. Theoretically motivated explorations of mechanisms along with empirical comparisons of research findings under alternative operationalizations of exposure can help identify consistency violations. We recommend that future social epidemiology studies be more explicit to name and discuss the consistency assumption when describing the exposure of interest, including reconciling disparate results in the literature.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 67%

The Consistency Assumption for Causal Inference in Social Epidemiology: When a Rose Is Not a Rose

2016

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“…An executive order by the governor of California in 2010 set up a task force to advance the use of HiAP in the state (http://sgc.ca.gov/s_ hiap.php). HIA is a tool that can be used to further the HiAP approach (Collins, 2009;Gase, 2013).…”

Section: Institutionalizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Brief History of Health Impact Assessment in the United States

Dannenberg

2016

CHIA

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“…4,7,8 Although European countries have been using HIA for decades for systematic examination of the potential influence of a proposed policy or environmental project on the health and well-being of a specific population, 9 it is only recently that the US has adopted this approach. HIA has been primarily used in the US to study health effects concurrent with an Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) under the 1969 National Environmental Protection Act (NEPA).…”

Section: Health Impact Assessment (Hia)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The HIA can add to this by providing “procedures, methods, and tools by which a policy, program or project may be judged as to its potential effects on the health of a population.” 12 HIAs are intended both to predict the health consequences of potential decisions, and to inform policy decisions. 13,14 HIA is a natural extension of the EIA/EIS, 8 and integrating HIA into the EIA process can improve health and health equity. 10 …”

Section: Health Impact Assessment (Hia)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Health Impact Assessment, Physical Activity and Federal Lands Trail Policy

Davis¹,

Cruz²,

Kozoll³

2014

Health Behavior and Policy Review

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Objectives The objectives of this paper are to describe the application of Health Impact Assessment (HIA) to inform trail decisions affecting a rural, under-resourced community and propose the routine integration of HIAs to enhance NEPA environmental assessments and environmental impact statements for trail decisions on federal lands. Methods Screening, scoping, assessment, recommendations, reporting, monitoring and evaluation are being used to examine the health impact of trail location and design. Results HIA recommendations are being integrated into the public lands National Environmental Protection Act process for planning access to a new segment of the Continental Divide National Scenic Trail. Potential users from a nearby rural New Mexico community and a region of almost one million may benefit from this HIA-informed planning. Conclusions HIA can be integrated into the policy and decision-making process for trails on public lands.

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Health Impact Assessment

Cited by 158 publications

References 5 publications

The Consistency Assumption for Causal Inference in Social Epidemiology: When a Rose Is Not a Rose

The Consistency Assumption for Causal Inference in Social Epidemiology: When a Rose Is Not a Rose

A Brief History of Health Impact Assessment in the United States

Health Impact Assessment, Physical Activity and Federal Lands Trail Policy

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