Health hazards of unemployment–only a boom phenomenon? A study of young men and women during times of prosperity and times of recession

Novo, Mehmed

doi:10.1016/s0033-3506(00)00304-8

Cited by 36 publications

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“…Opportunities for employment are of course affected by the prevailing socio-economic context . The mental health experience may also be affected by the socio-economic context (Crawford & Prince, 1999): studies have found reduced mental health problems associated with being unemployed in times or areas of high unemployment (Novo et al, 2000), and conversely increased mental health problems associated with times of unemployment (Ostamo et al, 2001). There is also evidence that claims for disability pensions increase during periods of recession (Burkhauser et al, 1993), or that there are higher rates of disability claimants in areas of high unemployment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health and employment: An overview of patterns and policies across Western Europe

Curran

Knapp

McDaid

et al. 2007

Journal of Mental Health

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Background: The relationship between mental health problems and employment is receiving growing attention across Europe as the cost of lost productivity is appreciated. Aims: This paper reports on the preliminary collection of data on employment of people with mental health problems and related economic issues in 17 countries participating in the Mental Health Economics European Network (MHEEN). Method: A questionnaire was developed with the Network partners and statistical and narrative data collected. These local and national level data were examined for patterns and trends. Results: Across Europe, the impact of mental health problems on lost productivity is substantial and growing. A range of policies have been developed to address this challenge, covering the spectrum of issues from workplace interventions promoting positive mental health to anti-discrimination laws to enable participation in the workforce. Conclusions: While much is being done, data and information on best practice across Europe are scarce. There is a need to share and collect this information to facilitate the sharing of best practice in Europe.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental health and employment: An overview of patterns and policies across Western Europe

Curran

Knapp

McDaid

et al. 2007

Journal of Mental Health

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“…Table 1 shows the number of persons in each of the unemployment groups and their mean annual unemployment at age 16-21 (the early unemployment period) and at age 22-30 (the late unemployment period). The group with early unemployment showed a 10-fold higher unemployment level during the first period (age 16-21) compared with both the late unemployment (age [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30] and the reference group. Even in the second period they had a higher level than the references.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Unfavourable health behaviour at the end of the study could thus be explained by the fact that the person already showed this unfavourable health behaviour (for example, smoking) at the start of the study. "Exposure" points to the fact that the unfavourable health behaviour is the consequence of exposure to unemployment, either already during the first part of the study (aged [16][17][18][19][20][21] or only during the second part (aged [22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30]. Possible exposure and selection effects are illustrated both in the graphs and in the logistic regression analyses.…”

Section: Long Term Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Early unemployment can contribute to adult health problems: results from a longitudinal study of school leavers

Hammarström

Janlert

2002

Journal of Epidemiology &Amp; Community Health

163

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Study objective: To investigate the long term effects of early unemployment (a total of more than half a year of unemployment between the ages of 16 and 21) on health behaviour and psychological and somatic symptoms. Design: A 14 year follow up of a cohort of school leavers was conducted from 1981 to 1995. Information was collected by questionnaires. Setting: An industrial town in northern Sweden. Participants: The original cohort was defined as all pupils in a middle sized municipality in the last year of compulsory school at age 16 (n=1083). The participants were followed up between the ages of 16 and 30. The analysis included 96% of the original sample, 547 men and 497 women Main results: After controlling for initial health behaviour and symptoms as well as for working class background and late unemployment, early unemployment among young men and women showed a significant explanatory effect on smoking, psychological symptoms and-among men only-somatic symptoms after a follow up of 14 years. No correlation was found between early unemployment and late excess alcohol consumption. Conclusions: Early unemployment can contribute to adult health problems. Thus, youth unemployment constitutes a significant public health problem, which to a certain extent remains in adult age.T he short-term consequences of unemployment among young people have been well documented in literature with regard to psychological ill health, 1-3 somatic ill health, 4 alcohol consumption, 5 and smoking. 6 However, one of the crucial questions in unemployment research is whether unemployment has only a short-term effect, or if there also is an effect many years after the unemployment has come to an end. This question has a special interest within youth unemployment as work and working life is said to have a fundamental importance for the socialisation of young men and women. 7Only a few longitudinal studies have investigated the problem of long term effects of unemployment. [8][9][10][11][12] In most cases a relatively short period of unemployment at the beginning of a long observation period has been the basis for classifying a person as unemployed or not unemployed. This makes the relations between unemployment and health hard to illuminate.13 Besides these studies have had a narrow focus, for example on mortality.14 15 Few studies have had the possibility to follow up a cohort continuously and correlate outcome measures with unemployment. The British birth cohort study concluded that prolonged unemployment between the ages of 16 and 27 seemed to have a long term effect (after control for health at school as well as socioeconomic background variables) on young men's health. 16 However, the study was performed on men only and the health indicators used did not specify separate effects on health behaviour, psychological or somatic health.The aim of this long term follow up study of young men and women has been to analyse possible effects of early unemployment on adult health behaviour and health symptoms. METHODIn a prospective cohort study...

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“…The pupils' questionnaire was constructed using questions from well-known and validated studies (6,7). The reliability was tested by comparisons with a national survey, using similar questions about alcohol and tobacco consumption put to the same population, and was found to be satisfactory (7).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Unemployment - an important predictor for future smoking: a 14-year follow-up study of school leavers

Hammarström

Janlert

2003

Scand J Public Health

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Health hazards of unemployment–only a boom phenomenon? A study of young men and women during times of prosperity and times of recession

Abstract: When comparing periods of boom and recession there was no difference in somatic and psychological symptoms for those who were long-term unemployed. Thus, the trade cycle appeared to have had no impact on their health.

Cited by 36 publications

References 0 publications

Mental health and employment: An overview of patterns and policies across Western Europe

Mental health and employment: An overview of patterns and policies across Western Europe

Early unemployment can contribute to adult health problems: results from a longitudinal study of school leavers

Unemployment - an important predictor for future smoking: a 14-year follow-up study of school leavers

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