Health, energy vulnerability and climate change: A retrospective thematic analysis of primary care trust policies and practices

Richardson, Janet; Kagawa, Fumiyo; Nichols, Andrew

doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2009.10.006

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…The 36 publications were categorised according to their focus on: effects/impacts, strategy/policy, action/examples (Table 2). This categorisation was consistent with previous work examining the action being taken by Strategic Health Authorities and Primary Care Trusts 21,24…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

“…Other databases may have provided a wider literature that could be relevant for or extrapolated to health. Furthermore, other approaches such as searching websites for examples of actions and implementation may prove more successful 21. However, actions that have been taken and the policies that have been implemented should be made available for thorough evaluation and discussion within the published literature, in order that others working in healthcare and healthcare education may become better informed and encouraged to take further steps to embed action on climate change and sustainability within their own organisations and working lives.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For each publication, data extraction and thematic analysis were conducted independently by two researchers (JR, VM) and any disagreements or discrepancies were resolved by discussion and involvement of the third researcher (AN). The thematic analysis23 was undertaken in accordance with methods used previously 21. Themes emerging from the publications were extracted, together with a summary to illustrate each theme.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Cornwall PCT has taken action to provide sustainable waste management and locally sourced food20 (http://www.cornwallandislesofscilly.nhs.uk/RoyalCornwallHospitalsTrust/OurOrganisation/NewsAndPublications/Publications/AnnualReports/AnnualReport0708/FitterFuture/BuildingASusstainableFuture/FoodUnitLeadsTheWayForNHS.aspx), and the Gwent Healthcare NHS Trust 25-year performance contract with energy services company, Honeywell, has enabled the introduction of dual fuel burners, a combined heat and power plant and seen the rollout of water conservation measures across the organisation (http://www.healthexec.tv/cgi-bin/details.pl?action=pre&id=426). However, such instances remain comparatively rare and it has been argued that organisations responsible for commissioning and providing healthcare services in the UK such as Strategic Health Authorities and Primary Care Trusts have not yet fully considered the impacts of climate change or developed strategies aimed at promoting resilient and sustainable communities 21. This may be due in part to a reluctance amongst senior healthcare managers and clinicians to acknowledge that climate change will have unavoidable impacts upon healthcare in the UK, and/or a critical view taken by some of the nature and quality of evidence in relation to climate change and sustainability 22…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Health, Climate Change and Sustainability: A systematic Review and Thematic Analysis of the Literature

Nichols

Maynard

Goodman

et al. 2009

Environ�Health�Insights

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Background: Evidence of climate change and its impact continues to be accumulated, and it is argued that the consequences of climate change are likely to result in an increased demand on health services. It has been claimed that climate change presents new challenges for health services and that strategies should be adopted to address these challenges. Aim:The aim of this systematic review was to map published literature on health, climate change and sustainability by categorising papers according to their focus on effects, strategy and actions, and to provide a thematic analysis of their content.Methods: Systematic searches were conducted via a range of healthcare related databases i.e. Pubmed, Medline, CINAHL, AMED, ASSIA, IBSS and ISI Web of Knowledge. Searches focussed upon papers published in English between 1998 and 2008. Retrieved papers were studied by the authors in order to inform the thematic analysis of their content.Results: A total of 114 publications were retrieved, of which 36 met the inclusion criteria for the systematic review. These 36 publications were categorised and are discussed according to their focus on: effects/impacts, strategy/policy, action/examples. Conclusions:A number of papers report the potential health effects of climate change while others report policies and strategies to tackle these effects. However there is an urgent need to identify and report on the implementation of strategies to mitigate and adapt to these challenges and to publish real examples of actions. Actions that are taken need to be evidence/policy based, and implementations monitored, evaluated and published.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 89%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Health, Climate Change and Sustainability: A systematic Review and Thematic Analysis of the Literature

Nichols

Maynard

Goodman

et al. 2009

Environ�Health�Insights

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“…5,6 At a practice level, a tool is currently being assessed by the Royal College of General Practitioners (RCGP) (www.gpfootprinter. co.uk) that will allow primary care practices to calculate their carbon footprint.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon footprint of patient journeys through primary care: a mixed methods approach

Andrews¹,

Pearson²,

Kelly³

et al. 2013

Br J Gen Pract

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BackgroundThe NHS has a target of cutting its carbon dioxide (CO 2 ) emissions by 80% below 1990 levels by 2050. Travel comprises 17% of the NHS carbon footprint. This carbon footprint represents the total CO 2 emissions caused directly or indirectly by the NHS. Patient journeys have previously been planned largely without regard to the environmental impact. The potential contribution of 'avoidable' journeys in primary care is significant. AimTo investigate the carbon footprint of patients travelling to and from a general practice surgery, the issues involved, and potential solutions for reducing patient travel. Design and settingA mixed methods study in a medium-sized practice in Yorkshire. MethodDuring March 2012, 306 patients completed a travel survey. GIS maps of patients' travel (modes and distances) were produced. Two focus groups (12 clinical and 13 non-clinical staff) were recorded, transcribed, and analysed using a thematic framework approach. ResultsThe majority (61%) of patient journeys to and from the surgery were made by car or taxi; main reasons cited were 'convenience', 'time saving', and 'no alternative' for accessing the surgery. Using distances calculated via ArcGIS, the annual estimated CO 2 equivalent carbon emissions for the practice totalled approximately 63 tonnes. Predominant themes from interviews related to issues with systems for booking appointments and repeat prescriptions; alternative travel modes; delivering health care; and solutions to reducing travel. ConclusionThe modes and distances of patient travel can be accurately determined and allow appropriate carbon emission calculations for GP practices. Although challenging, there is scope for identifying potential solutions (for example, modifying administration systems and promoting walking) to reduce 'avoidable' journeys and cut carbon emissions while maintaining access to health care.

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Are vulnerable customers any different than their peers when exposed to critical peak pricing: Evidence from the U.S.

et al. 2018

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Health, energy vulnerability and climate change: A retrospective thematic analysis of primary care trust policies and practices

Cited by 22 publications

References 9 publications

Health, Climate Change and Sustainability: A systematic Review and Thematic Analysis of the Literature

Health, Climate Change and Sustainability: A systematic Review and Thematic Analysis of the Literature

Carbon footprint of patient journeys through primary care: a mixed methods approach

Are vulnerable customers any different than their peers when exposed to critical peak pricing: Evidence from the U.S.

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