Health Effects Related to Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure in Children in the United States

Mannino, David M.; Moorman, Jeanne E.; Kingsley, Beverly; Rose, Deborah; Repace, James L.

doi:10.1001/archpedi.155.1.36

Cited by 184 publications

(138 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…It is disappointing that smoking has the same impact on indoor PM as it did in studies from several years ago, which demonstrates that in-home smokers are not taking effective precautions to limit the impact of smoking on the home environment. This observation implies that despite the known health risks of second hand smoke to very young children in the home (Cook et al, 1998;Cook et al, 1999;Corbo et al, 1996;Mannino et al, 2001;Moshammer et al, 2006), parents are not taking precautions to protect their children and that public health messages have not effectively led to changes in smoking behaviors in the home.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common household activities are associated with elevated particulate matter concentrations in bedrooms of inner-city Baltimore pre-school children

McCormack

Breysse

Hansel

et al. 2008

Environmental Research

105

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Asthma disproportionately affects inner-city, minority children in the U.S. Outdoor pollutant concentrations, including particulate matter (PM), are higher in inner-cities and contribute to childhood asthma morbidity. Although children spend the majority of time indoors, indoor PM exposures have been less extensively characterized. There is a public health imperative to characterize indoor sources of PM within this vulnerable population to enable effective intervention strategies. In the present study, we sought to identify determinants of indoor PM in homes of Baltimore inner-city pre-school children.Children ages 2-6 (n=300) who were predominantly African-American (90%) and from lower socioeconomic backgrounds were enrolled. Integrated PM 2.5 and PM 10 air sampling was conducted over a 3-day period in the children's bedrooms and at a central monitoring site while caregivers completed daily activity diaries. Homes of pre-school children in inner-city Baltimore had indoor PM concentrations that were twice as high as simultaneous outdoor concentrations. The mean indoor PM 2.5 and PM 10 concentrations were 39.5±34.5 μg/m 3 and 56.2±44.8 μg/m 3 , compared to the simultaneously measured ambient PM 2.5 and PM 10 (15.6±6.9 and 21.8±9.53 μg/m 3 , respectively). Common modifiable household activities, especially smoking and sweeping, contributed significantly to higher indoor PM, as did ambient PM concentrations. Open windows were associated with significantly lower indoor PM. Further investigation of the health effects of indoor PM exposure is warranted, as are studies to evaluate the efficacy of PM reduction strategies on asthma health of inner-city children.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Common household activities are associated with elevated particulate matter concentrations in bedrooms of inner-city Baltimore pre-school children

McCormack

Breysse

Hansel

et al. 2008

Environmental Research

105

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…• persistent decreased lung function, [106][107][108][109]137,139,149,154 amplified in children with cystic fibrosis, 16 • infections, 137,139,151,[154][155][156][157] • bronchiolitis, 158 wheezing, 47 and use of bronchodilating drugs, 47…”

Section: Effects On the Child Of Shs Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…• Dental disease 215,216 • School absences 106,110,112,139,217,218 • Molecular, genetic, and cellular changes [219][220][221][222] • Experimentation with tobacco and addiction to tobacco as an older child or adult 110,[223][224][225][226] • Injury and death attributable to fires 110,[227][228][229][230][231] • Hyperopia 114…”

Section: Effects On the Child Of Shs Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Secondhand and Prenatal Tobacco Smoke Exposure

Best¹

2009

Pediatrics

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Secondhand tobacco smoke (SHS) exposure of children and their families causes significant morbidity and mortality. In their personal and professional roles, pediatricians have many opportunities to advocate for elimination of SHS exposure of children, to counsel tobacco users to quit, and to counsel children never to start. This report discusses the harms of tobacco use and SHS exposure, the extent and costs of tobacco use and SHS exposure, and the evidence that supports counseling and other clinical interventions in the cycle of tobacco use. Recommendations for future research, policy, and clinical practice change are discussed. To improve understanding and provide support for these activities, the harms of SHS exposure are discussed, effective ways to eliminate or reduce SHS exposure are presented, and policies that support a smoke-free environment are outlined.

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“…Previous reports using data from the population-based Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) have reported the prevalence of ETS exposure (2,10) and effects of ETS on childhood respiratory symptoms and pulmonary function (11). The present study examines the cross-sectional relationship between serum cotinine, a biomarker of ETS exposure, and pulmonary function in the general population of nonsmoking U.S. adults.…”

mentioning

confidence: 93%

Environmental tobacco smoke exposure and pulmonary function among adults in NHANES III: impact on the general population and adults with current asthma.

Eisner

2002

Environ Health Perspect

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The impact of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure on adult pulmonary function has not been clearly determined. Because adults with asthma have chronic airway inflammation, they may be a particularly susceptible group. Using data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), I examined the cross-sectional relationship between serum cotinine, a biomarker of ETS exposure, and pulmonary function among 10,581 adult nonsmokers and 440 nonsmoking adults with asthma whose cotinine and spirometry data were available. I generated residuals, which are observed minus predicted values (based on Crapo equations), for forced expiratory volume in 1 sec (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC ratio to adjust for age, sex, and height. In addition, I used multivariate linear regression to control for sociodemographic characteristics and previous smoking history. Most adults with and without asthma had detectable serum cotinine levels, indicating recent ETS exposure (85.7% and 83.4%, respectively). Among nonsmoking male participants, I found no evidence that ETS exposure was related to decreased pulmonary function. In the nonsmoking female stratum, the highest cotinine tertile was associated with a lower FEV1 [-100 mL; 95% confidence interval (CI), -143 to -56 mL], FVC (-119 mL; 95% CI, -168 to -69 mL), and FEV1/FVC ratio (-1.77%; 95% CI, -2.18% to -1.36%). Among women with asthma, the highest cotinine tertile was also associated with decreased FEV1 (-261 mL; 95% CI, -492 to -30 mL), FVC (-291 mL; 95% CI, -601 to 20 mL), and FEV1/FVC ratio (-1.6%; 95% CI, -3.3% to 0.19%). In conclusion, ETS exposure is associated with decreased pulmonary function in adult females, especially those with asthma. This analysis should provide further impetus for public policies that promote smoke-free environments.

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Health Effects Related to Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure in Children in the United States

Abstract: We investigated recent ETS exposures as important predictors of respiratory health outcomes in children 4 years and older. Environmental tobacco smoke exposure affects children of all ages, although the exact effects may vary between age groups.

Cited by 184 publications

References 21 publications

Common household activities are associated with elevated particulate matter concentrations in bedrooms of inner-city Baltimore pre-school children

Common household activities are associated with elevated particulate matter concentrations in bedrooms of inner-city Baltimore pre-school children

Secondhand and Prenatal Tobacco Smoke Exposure

Environmental tobacco smoke exposure and pulmonary function among adults in NHANES III: impact on the general population and adults with current asthma.

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