Health Effects of Overweight and Obesity in 195 Countries

Ortega, Francisco B.; Lavie, Carl J.; Sui, Xuemei

doi:10.1056/nejmc1710026

Cited by 118 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(18 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…There are no directly comparable studies in African children, or using the WHO-recommended definition based on BMI, but in non-African populations biases have been reported for other BMI-based definitions of obesity 9 , 10 The present study adds to previous studies suggesting that underestimation of excessive fatness by BMI-for-age criteria is likely to be a global cause for concern 19 , 20 . Our study shows that a high proportion of African children with apparently healthy BMI-for-age have excessive body fatness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Body mass index vs deuterium dilution method for establishing childhood obesity prevalence, Ghana, Kenya, Mauritius, Morocco, Namibia, Senegal, Tunisia and United Republic of Tanzania

Diouf

Adom

A³

et al. 2018

Bull. World Health Organ.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

ObjectiveTo compare the World Health Organization (WHO) body mass index (BMI)-for-age definition of obesity against measured body fatness in African children.MethodsIn a prospective multicentre study over 2013 to 2017, we recruited 1516 participants aged 8 to 11 years old from urban areas of eight countries (Ghana, Kenya, Mauritius, Morocco, Namibia, Senegal, Tunisia and United Republic of Tanzania). We measured height and weight and calculated BMI-for-age using WHO standards. We measured body fatness using the deuterium dilution method and defined excessive body fat percentage as > 25% in boys and > 30% in girls. We calculated the sensitivity and specificity of BMI z-score > +2.00 standard deviations (SD) and used receiver operating characteristic analysis and the Youden index to determine the optimal BMI z-score cut-off for classifying excessive fatness.FindingsThe prevalence of excessive fatness was over three times higher than BMI-for-age-defined obesity: 29.1% (95% CI: 26.8 to 31.4; 441 children) versus 8.8% (95% CI: 7.5 to 10.4; 134 children). The sensitivity of BMI z-score > +2.00 SD was low (29.7%, 95% CI: 25.5 to 34.2) and specificity was high (99.7%, 95% CI: 99.2 to 99.9). The receiver operating characteristic analysis found that a BMI z-score +0.58 SD would optimize sensitivity, and at this cut-off the area under the curve was 0.86, sensitivity 71.9% (95% CI: 67.4 to 76.0) and specificity 91.1% (95% CI: 89.2 to 92.7).ConclusionWhile BMI remains a practical tool for obesity surveillance, it underestimates excessive fatness and this should be considered when planning future African responses to the childhood obesity pandemic.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Body mass index vs deuterium dilution method for establishing childhood obesity prevalence, Ghana, Kenya, Mauritius, Morocco, Namibia, Senegal, Tunisia and United Republic of Tanzania

Diouf

Adom

A³

et al. 2018

Bull. World Health Organ.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The prevalence varies in different geographical regions, ranging from 22% in South Asia to nearly 70% in North America [17, 18]. Several regional and demographical factors affect the interaction between obesity and type 2 diabetes [5, 19]. Unfortunately, Turkey has the highest prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes in Europe [20, 21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The upsurge in obesity rates appears to be the primary factor for the recent increase in the prevalence of type 2 diabetes [4, 5]. Several medications commonly used for the treatment of diabetes or its complications also increase adiposity and augment this vicious cycle [6-8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Obesity on the Metabolic Control of Type 2 Diabetes: Results of the Turkish Nationwide Survey of Glycemic and Other Metabolic Parameters of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus (TEMD Obesity Study)

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background: Obesity is the main obstacle for metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. Turkey has the highest prevalence of obesity and type 2 diabetes in Europe. The effect of obesity on the metabolic control, and the macro- and microvascular complications of patients are not apparent. Objectives: This nationwide survey aimed to investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity among patients with type 2 diabetes and to search for the impact of obesity on the metabolic control of these patients. We also investigated the independent associates of obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes. Methods: We consecutively enrolled patients who were under follow-up for at least 1 year in 69 tertiary healthcare units in 37 cities. The demographic, anthropometric, and clinical data including medications were recorded. Patients were excluded if they were pregnant, younger than 18 years, had decompensated liver disease, psychiatric disorders interfering with cognition or compliance, had bariatric surgery, or were undergoing renal replacement therapy. Results: Only 10% of patients with type 2 diabetes (n = 4,648) had normal body mass indexes (BMI), while the others were affected by overweight (31%) or obesity (59%). Women had a significantly higher prevalence of obesity (53.4 vs. 40%) and severe obesity (16.6 vs. 3.3%). Significant associations were present between high BMI levels and lower education levels, intake of insulin, antihypertensives and statins, poor metabolic control, or the presence of microvascular complications. Age, gender, level of education, smoking, and physical inactivity were the independent associates of obesity in patients with type 2 diabetes. Conclusion: The TEMD Obesity Study shows that obesity is a major determinant of the poor metabolic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. These results underline the importance of prevention and management of obesity to improve health care in patients with type 2 diabetes. Also, the results point out the independent sociodemographic and clinical associates of obesity, which should be the prior targets to overcome, in the national fight with obesity.

show abstract

“…Obesity is a common metabolic disorder and is prevalent worldwide [1]. According to the World Health Organization, nearly 39% of adults aged 18 years and over were overweight in 2016, and 13% were obese [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Maternal Obesity Programs Offspring Development and Resveratrol Potentially Reprograms the Effects of Maternal Obesity

Hsu

Chen

Sheen

et al. 2020

IJERPH

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Maternal obesity during pregnancy is a now a public health burden that may be the culprit underlying the ever-increasing rates of adult obesity worldwide. Understanding the association between maternal obesity and adult offspring’s obesity would inform policy and practice regarding offspring health through available resources and interventions. This review first summarizes the programming effects of maternal obesity and discusses the possible underlying mechanisms. We then summarize the current evidence suggesting that maternal consumption of resveratrol is helpful in maternal obesity and alleviates its consequences. In conclusion, maternal obesity can program offspring development in an adverse way. Maternal resveratrol could be considered as a potential regimen in reprogramming adverse outcomes in the context of maternal obesity.

show abstract

Health Effects of Overweight and Obesity in 195 Countries

Cited by 118 publications

References 16 publications

Body mass index vs deuterium dilution method for establishing childhood obesity prevalence, Ghana, Kenya, Mauritius, Morocco, Namibia, Senegal, Tunisia and United Republic of Tanzania

Body mass index vs deuterium dilution method for establishing childhood obesity prevalence, Ghana, Kenya, Mauritius, Morocco, Namibia, Senegal, Tunisia and United Republic of Tanzania

Impact of Obesity on the Metabolic Control of Type 2 Diabetes: Results of the Turkish Nationwide Survey of Glycemic and Other Metabolic Parameters of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus (TEMD Obesity Study)

Maternal Obesity Programs Offspring Development and Resveratrol Potentially Reprograms the Effects of Maternal Obesity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About