Health Disparities and Incarcerated Women: A Population Ignored

Braithwaite, Ronald L.; Treadwell, Henrie M.; Arriola, Kimberly R. Jacob

doi:10.2105/ajph.98.supplement_1.s173

Cited by 37 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 5 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Beginning in the mid-1980’s, the “War on Drugs” fueled a massive surge in the number of women involved in the criminal justice system for causes related to illicit drug use (Braithwaite et al 2008). This population of women experiences high levels of infectious disease (Hammett and Drachman-Jones 2006; Nijhawan et al 2011), chronic health conditions (Binswanger et al 2010) and mental illness (Binswanger et al 2010; Cloyes et al 2010; Gunter et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health service use and social vulnerability in a community-based sample of women on probation and parole, 2011–2013

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundMost women involved in the criminal justice system are not incarcerated, but rather on probation or parole. We examined the receipt of health services and social vulnerability among women on parole or probation in the past year.MethodsIn a community-based sample of 776 women who use crack cocaine or injection drugs, we compared those who had been on probation or parole in the past year with those who had no criminal justice involvement in the past year.ResultsWomen recently on probation or people were no more likely have health insurance, or to receive most health services, than women not in the criminal justice system. In addition, we found social vulnerabilities that contribute to poor health to be significantly more prevalent among women on probation or parole.ConclusionsThere is a missed opportunity to address health and social needs of women on probation or parole.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health service use and social vulnerability in a community-based sample of women on probation and parole, 2011–2013

et al. 2015

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Compounding these risk factors, incarcerated women have been described as “a population ignored” with a resulting dearth of research conducted with specific attention to the treatment needs of this population (Braithwaite et al, 2008). …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alcoholics Anonymous and Hazardously Drinking Women Returning to the Community After Incarceration: Predictors of Attendance and Outcome

Schonbrun

Strong

Anderson

et al. 2010

Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background The number of females incarcerated within the United States has risen dramatically in recent decades and high rates of alcohol problems are evident among this population. Although little is known about the patterns of help utilization and efficacy for alcohol problems, preliminary evidence suggests that AA is a widely available resource for this population. Methods Data were collected as part of a study evaluating the effect of a brief intervention to reduce alcohol use among hazardously drinking (i.e., score of 8 or above on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test or 4 or more drinks at a time on at least 3 days in prior 3 months) incarcerated women. The current study characterized demographic, clinical, and previous AA attendance variables associated with AA attendance in the 6-months following incarceration. Associations between frequency of AA attendance and drinking outcomes following incarceration were also evaluated. Results Among the 224 participants who provided data about AA attendance, 54% reported some AA attendance during the follow-up assessment period. AA attendance in the year prior to study entry (OR = 4.02; 95% CI: 3.32–4.71) and greater baseline consequences of alcohol use (OR = 2.09; 95% CI: 1.73–2.44) were associated with increased odds of higher frequency of AA attendance following incarceration. Weekly or greater AA attendance was associated with reductions in negative drinking consequences (B = −0.45; p < 0.01) and frequency of drinking days (B = −0.28; p < 0.01) following incarceration. Conclusions Findings from this study suggest that AA is frequently utilized by hazardously drinking women following incarceration. Alcohol outcomes may be enhanced by AA attendance at a weekly or greater frequency is associated with better alcohol outcomes relative to lower levels of AA attendance. Evaluation of clinical guidelines for prescribing AA attendance for incarcerated women remains a task for future research.

show abstract

“…The intersection of prison incarceration and mental illness is further associated with homelessness, substance abuse, marked gender differences in rates of mental illness, and higher rates of recidivism (Braithwaite, Treadwell, & Arriola, 2005;Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2006;Davies, 2003;Davis & Pacchiana, 2003). The recent Bureau of Justice Statistics report notes the following: 13% of state prisoners with mental disorder reported being homeless in the year prior to incarceration, 74% reported alcohol or substance dependency or abuse, 77% of female state prisoners reported symptoms or history of mental disorder compared to 55% of male prisoners, and roughly 25% of state prisoners with symptoms of mental disorder had three or more prior incarcerations (Bureau of Justice Statistics, 2006).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Time to Prison Return for Offenders With Serious Mental Illness Released From Prison

Cloyes

Wong

Latimer

et al. 2010

Criminal Justice and Behavior

100

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Serious mental illness (SMI) represents a major risk for repeated incarceration, yet recidivism studies often do not specifically focus on persons with SMI as compared to non-SMI offenders. The study reported here systematically identified Utah State prisoners released from 1998 to 2002 (N = 9,245) who meet criteria for SMI and compared SMI and non-SMI offenders on length of time to prison return. Findings indicate that 23% of the sample met criteria for SMI (n = 2,112). Moreover, survival analyses demonstrated a significant difference in return rates and community tenure for offenders with SMI compared to non-SMI offenders when controlling for demographics, condition of release, offense type, and condition of return (parole violation vs. new commitment). The median time for all SMI offenders to return to prison was 385 days versus 743 days for all non-SMI offenders, 358 days sooner (p < .001). Implications of these findings are discussed.

show abstract

Health Disparities and Incarcerated Women: A Population Ignored

Cited by 37 publications

References 5 publications

Health service use and social vulnerability in a community-based sample of women on probation and parole, 2011–2013

Health service use and social vulnerability in a community-based sample of women on probation and parole, 2011–2013

Alcoholics Anonymous and Hazardously Drinking Women Returning to the Community After Incarceration: Predictors of Attendance and Outcome

Time to Prison Return for Offenders With Serious Mental Illness Released From Prison

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About