Health consequences of illegal drug use

Chen, Chuan Yu; Lin, Keh Ming

doi:10.1097/yco.0b013e32832a2349

Cited by 93 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 49 publications

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“…The high mortality risk in persons with substance abuse is well recognized in the research literature [17,[20][21][22]. The present study did not have any information on the offenders' drug use.…”

Section: Specific Causes Of Deathmentioning

confidence: 91%

Is the high mortality risk in sentenced offenders independent of previous imprisonment?

Kjelsberg

Laake

2010

Eur J Epidemiol

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The mortality in prisoners is high. However, our knowledge about the mortality in convicted offenders, irrespective of incarceration history, is limited. Our aim was to investigate possible predictors for over-all and cause specific mortality in a nation-wide study of convicted offenders with and without previous imprisonment. This case-control study drew random samples of deceased and living offenders (N = 1,112) from four complete cohorts of convicted offenders, two male (born 1967 and 1977, respectively), and two female (born 1967-70 and 1977-80, respectively). All criminal records were systematized and information about date and cause of death was collected on those deceased. Multivariable analyses demonstrated that age at first court conviction (OR = 0.88, 95% CI = 0.84-0.93), drug related crimes (OR = 1.99, 95% CI = 1.23-3.22), and crime diversity (1.51, 95% CI = 1.07-2.13) were significant predictors of premature death in males. In females, age at first court conviction (OR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.88-0.97), drug related crimes (OR = 2.24, 95% CI = 1.37-3.69) and belonging to the oldest cohort (OR = 2.10, 95% CI = 1.35-3.26) were significant predictors of premature death. Age at first court conviction remained a significant predictor for death in all cause specific multivariable mortality analyses. In addition, having committed drug related crimes and high crime diversity were strong predictors for substance related deaths. Males did more often die in accidents or commit suicide. Somatic deaths were most often encountered in the oldest cohort. Incarceration did not remain a significant predictor for premature death in any of the multivariable analyses. Measures intended to prevent premature death in convicted offenders should target wider populations than hitherto acknowledged.

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Section: Specific Causes Of Deathmentioning

confidence: 91%

Is the high mortality risk in sentenced offenders independent of previous imprisonment?

Kjelsberg

Laake

2010

Eur J Epidemiol

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“…This finding is thus likely explained by multiple aspects of intravenous drug use that negatively impact overall health status including food insecurity and nutritional deficits. 34,35 This is the first study to document higher rates of non-HIV-related medical comorbidities in HIVpositive women than in men. reasons are for these gender differences.…”

Section: Weiss Et Almentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and Patient Awareness of Medical Comorbidities in an Urban AIDS Clinic

Weiss

Osorio

Ryan

et al. 2010

AIDS Patient Care and STDs

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Mortality in HIV-positive persons is increasingly due to non-HIV-related medical comorbidities. There are limited data on the prevalence and patient awareness of these comorbid conditions. Two hundred subjects at an urban HIV clinic were interviewed in 2005 to assess their awareness of 15 non-HIV-related medical comorbidities, defined as medical problems that are neither AIDS-defining by standard definitions, nor a direct effect of immune deficiency. Medical charts were subsequently reviewed to establish prevalence and concordance between selfreport and chart documentation. Eighty-four percent of subjects self-reported at least 1 of 15 medical comorbidities and 92% had at least 1 condition chart-documented. The top 5 chart-documented conditions were hepatitis C (51.5%), pulmonary disease (28.5%), high blood pressure (27%), high cholesterol (24.5%), and obesity (22.5%). In multivariate analysis, higher number of non-HIV-related medical comorbidities was associated with older age, female gender, and intravenous drug use as route of HIV transmission. Across self-reported non-HIV-related medical comorbidities, the absolute concordance rate ranged from 67% to 96%, the sensitivity ranged from 0% to 79%; the positive predictive value ranged from 0% to 100%. While the vast majority of largely urban minority HIVpositive subjects were diagnosed with non-HIV-related medical comorbidities, there is significant room for improvement in patient awareness. In order to help patients optimally access and adhere to medication and medical care for these non-HIV-related medical comorbidities, interventions and educational campaigns to improve patient awareness that take cultural background, literacy, and educational level into account should be developed, implemented, and evaluated.

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“…Dampak yang ditimbulkan sangat banyak, seperti kesakitan, kemiskinan karena harus menjalani terapi dan rehabilitasi yang memerlukan jangka waktu yang lama, bahkan kematian. 16 Undang-Undang Narkotika Nomor 35 Tahun 2009, menyatakan bahwa semua pecandu dan korban penyalahgunaan narkoba wajib menjalani rehabilitasi medis dan rehabilitasi sosial di rumah sakit atau lembaga rehabilitasi tertentu yang diselenggarakan oleh instansi pemerintah atau masyarakat. Selain melalui pengobatan dan/atau rehabilitasi medis, penyembuhan pecandu narkotika melalui pendekatan keagamaan dan tradisional.…”

Section: Pembahasanunclassified

Komorbiditas Pecandu Narkotika

Sitorus

2014

Kesmas: National Public Health Journal

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AbstrakNarkotika yang disalahgunakan dapat menimbulkan ketergantungan. Semakin lama mengalami ketergantungan narkotika akan semakin memperburuk kualitas kesehatan. Pada pengguna narkoba suntik, komplikasi komorbiditas seperti hepatitis, tuberkulosis paru, dan HIV/AIDs juga semakin tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui komorbiditas pada penyalah guna narkoba dan determinannya. Metode penelitian adalah potong lintang dengan menggunakan data sekunder catatan medis (medicalrecord) di Rumah Sakit Ketergantungan Obat (RSKO) Jakarta tahun 2013. Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh pasien ketergantungan narkoba yang dirawat inap, yang menjalani rehabilitasi dan rawat jalan, dan sampel penelitian ini adalah seluruh populasi sebesar 303 orang. Analisis data yang digunakan adalah analisis secara univariat, bivariat, dan multivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pasien yang dirawat jalan dan lama menggunakan narkoba berhubungan dengan komorbiditas pada pecandu narkoba. Model akhir analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa lama menggunakan narkoba merupakan variabel yang paling berpengaruh terhadap komorbiditas pecandu narkoba. Kata kunci: Adiksi, komorbiditas, narkobaAbstract Narcotics are abused can lead to dependence. The longer experiencing drug dependence will worsen the quality of health care. In injecting drug users, complications such ashepatic, comorbidities, pulmonary TB, and HIV/AIDs also higher. The purpose of this study was to determine the comorbidity of drug abusers and its determinant. The method is a cross sectional study using secondary data, medical records at the Drug Dependence Hospital Jakarta in 2013. The study population were all drug dependent patients who are hospitalized, undergoing rehabilitation and outpatient care, and sample is total population of 303 people. Data were analyzed using univariate, bivariate and multivariate analyzes. The results showed that patients treated in outpatients and comorbidities associated with drug addicts. Komorbiditas Pecandu NarkotikaComorbidity Narcotic Addicts Rico Januar SitorusThe final model of multivariate analysis showed that longer using drugs is the most influential variable on the comorbidity of drug addicts.

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Health consequences of illegal drug use

Abstract: Prospective evidence on illegal drug use in particular subpopulations may be needed to better understand health problems among users at different life stages and the possible long-term effects.

Cited by 93 publications

References 49 publications

Is the high mortality risk in sentenced offenders independent of previous imprisonment?

Is the high mortality risk in sentenced offenders independent of previous imprisonment?

Prevalence and Patient Awareness of Medical Comorbidities in an Urban AIDS Clinic

Komorbiditas Pecandu Narkotika

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