“…Stigmochelys pardalis is the second largest of 13 southern African tortoise species, native to many areas of central and southern Africa including Angola, the Cape, Nama-Karoo, Namibia, Sudan, and Tanzania (Rall and Fairall, 1993;Kabigumila, 2000Kabigumila, , 2001aDowns, 2008, 2013a;Fritz et al, 2010a). Stigmochelys pardalis is solitary and occupies a large home range (Hailey and Coulson, 1996;Wimberger et al, 2011), although there are confounding variables such as regional climate, mineral availability, and gender that make home range difficult to absolutely define (McMaster and Downs, 2009). …”