Health care costs associated with chronic hepatitis B

Metcalf, Marilyn; Brown, Nathaniel; Peterson, Steven L.; Feld, Andrew D.; Gale, Fred. R.; Kirk, J. Douglas; Mabry, George

doi:10.1093/ajhp/56.3.232

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…To date, eight studies have been published as full papers on a non‐invasive diagnosis for the presence of OV in cirrhotic patients (5–10, 12, 13). The challenge is of major interest, because the number of patients undergoing screening for the presence of OV is likely going to increase in the near future as a result of the growing pool of patients with chronic liver disease (27, 28). In the present study, we chose to restrict our study to the diagnosis of LOV because (a) their presence requires a primary prophylaxis with β‐blockers (see below) and (b) the interobserver agreement for the diagnosis of small OV is moderate (29).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐invasive diagnosis of large oesophageal varices with FibroTest in patients with cirrhosis: a preliminary retrospective study

Thabut

Trabut

Massard

et al. 2006

Liver International

101

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non‐invasive diagnosis of large oesophageal varices with FibroTest in patients with cirrhosis: a preliminary retrospective study

Thabut

Trabut

Massard

et al. 2006

Liver International

101

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“…Approximately a third will develop clinical complications of CHB [33]. In one study, health care costs during the first 7 months after diagnosis were 3.3 times higher for CHB patients than for control patients [34]. Costs escalate with increasing severity of illness.…”

Section: The Economic Burden Of Hbv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The economic burden of HBV infection is substantial because of the high morbidity and mortality associated with end‐stage liver disease, cirrhosis, and HCC. In the United States, where most cost‐analysis data are available, 1.25 million people – many of them immigrants from areas of high endemicity – are currently chronic HBV carriers [10, 33, 34]. Approximately a third will develop clinical complications of CHB [33].…”

Section: The Economic Burden Of Hbv Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hepatitis B virus epidemiology, disease burden, treatment, and current and emerging prevention and control measures

Lavanchy

2004

Journal of Viral Hepatitis

2,321

1,729

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Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a serious global health problem, with 2 billion people infected worldwide, and 350 million suffering from chronic HBV infection. The 10th leading cause of death worldwide, HBV infections result in 500 000 to 1.2 million deaths per year caused by chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma; the last accounts for 320 000 deaths per year. In Western countries, the disease is relatively rare and acquired primarily in adulthood, whereas in Asia and most of Africa, chronic HBV infection is common and usually acquired perinatally or in childhood. More efficacious treatments, mass immunization programs, and safe injection techniques are essential for eliminating HBV infection and reducing global HBV-related morbidity and mortality. Safe and effective vaccines against HBV infection have been available since 1982. The implementation of mass immunization programs, which have been recommended by the World Health Organization since 1991, have dramatically decreased the incidence of HBV infection among infants, children, and adolescents in many countries. However, not all countries have adopted these recommendations and there remains a large number of persons that were infected with HBV prior to the implementation of immunization programs. Antiviral treatment is the only way to reduce morbidity and mortality from chronic HBV infection. Conventional interferon alfa and lamivudine have been the primary treatments to date. Conventional interferon alfa produces a durable response in a moderate proportion of patients but has undesirable side-effects and must be administered subcutaneously three times per week. Lamivudine also produces a response in a modest proportion of patients and causes few side-effects. However, prolonged treatment is often necessary to prevent relapse on cessation of therapy, and continuous treatment can lead to the development of lamivudine resistance. Promising emerging new treatments include adefovir, entecavir and peginterferon alfa-2a (40 kDa).

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“…The study period ended in 2003 which may impact the relevance of the findings to the present with regard to changes in healthcare, treatment and immigration. Estimates of net migration in Tayside and throughout 19891990199119921993199419951996Year 19971998199920002001200220031990199119921993199419951996Year 1997199819992000200120022003 Scotland have increased yearly suggesting that the incidence and prevalence of carriers may have increased at a greater rate during the past 8 years [14].…”

Section: Strengths and Limitationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to the high morbidity and mortality associated with liver disease and HCC, the economic burden of HBV is considerable [2], with healthcare costs estimated at over three times higher for chronic hepatitis B than controls [6]. Ascertainment of the true incidence of liver diseases such as HBV is a difficult but crucial task that is required to adequately identify research needs and assess health resource implications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence estimates of diagnosed viral hepatitis B, liver condition outcomes and hospitalization costs: a population record-linkage study in Tayside, Scotland

2012

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We estimated prevalence and incidence of liver condition outcomes, and costs to the health service of diagnosed hepatitis B virus (HBV) in Tayside, UK. HBV patients were identified from electronic virology data between 1989 and 2003. The health resource costs of HBV for surface antigen-positive (HBsAg+) patients and HBV (HBsAg+ or immune, i.e. recovered) patients were calculated. A total of 633 patients had HBV (275 HBsAg+), and were more likely to be male (62% vs. 48%), older (mean age 42.6 vs. 39 . 2 years) and deprived than the general population. The prevalence of immune individuals increased steadily. Post-HBV diagnosis, 24% of immune and 13% of HBsAg+ patients were diagnosed with a liver condition. The median cost per immune patient (£3023) was greater than per HBsAg+ patient (£1498) (P=0.02). While increasing prevalence of immune HBV patients highlights an increase in screening and treatment, the costs associated with this group are high.

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Health care costs associated with chronic hepatitis B

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Non‐invasive diagnosis of large oesophageal varices with FibroTest in patients with cirrhosis: a preliminary retrospective study

Non‐invasive diagnosis of large oesophageal varices with FibroTest in patients with cirrhosis: a preliminary retrospective study

Hepatitis B virus epidemiology, disease burden, treatment, and current and emerging prevention and control measures

Prevalence estimates of diagnosed viral hepatitis B, liver condition outcomes and hospitalization costs: a population record-linkage study in Tayside, Scotland

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