Health care and mental wellbeing in the transgender and gender-diverse Chinese population

Zhu, Xuequan; Gao, Yue; Gillespie, Amy; Xin, Ying; Qi, Ji; Ou, Jianjun; Zhong, Shaoling; Peng, Ke; Tan, Tingting; Wang, Chaoyue; Chen, Runsen

doi:10.1016/s2213-8587(19)30079-8

Cited by 35 publications

(64 citation statements)

References 10 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Under half of transgender women in our survey had ever taken hormones and fewer than one in five had ever had gender-affirming surgery, figures that are quite low compared with those of other countries [3, 9,26]. At least one study in China documented a large unmet need and desire for gender transition care, including 90% demand for hormones and 50% demand for gender-affirming surgery [27]. The reason for the association of nonhormone use and HIV is not clear from our data.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

High HIV prevalence and associated risk factors among transgender women in China: a cross‐sectional survey

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Introduction Transgender women may face the highest prevalence of HIV of any population, experiencing a disproportionate burden of disease frequently confirmed in surveys throughout the developing and developed world. However, few studies have been conducted specifically for transgender women in China. This study aimed to measure HIV prevalence and explore risk factors for infection in a diverse sample of Chinese transgender women to help advocate for prevention and care interventions for this population. Methods From July 2018 to May 2019, we adapted a respondent‐driven sampling (RDS) approach to recruit a diverse sample of 250 transgender women through chains of peer referrals in two cities of eastern China, Nanjing and Suzhou. Eligible participants (i.e. 18 years of age or older, living in Jiangsu province and assigned male sex at birth but currently self‐identified as a gender different from male) completed a self‐administered questionnaire on a mobile phone to collect demographic characteristics and risk behaviours and underwent HIV testing. Results and discussion The survey sample was young (82% under age 35 years), with 28.8% having a university degree, 39.2% reporting work at entertainment venues, 47.6% ever having taken hormones and 6.4% being diagnosed with an STI in the last year. One in five (20.8%) reported having engaged in sex work. HIV prevalence was 14.8% (95% CI 10.6 to 19.8), with 75.6% of those testing HIV positive reporting they were already aware of their serostatus. In multivariate analysis, HIV prevalence was significantly higher among transgender women above the age of 24 years, those who work at entertainment venues, who never have taken hormones, and who had been diagnosed with an STI in the last year. Conclusions The prevalence of HIV among transgender women in our study, at 14.8%, is among the highest detected in any population in eastern China. Chinese transgender women may therefore follow the disparity in the burden of HIV noted worldwide. Data support policies to prioritize transgender women for HIV testing outreach, for in‐depth research to better understand the specific drivers of infection in this population, and for trans‐friendly HIV care and prevention programmes to address their specific needs.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

High HIV prevalence and associated risk factors among transgender women in China: a cross‐sectional survey

et al. 2019

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Of quantitative studies, 64.3% (n=18) had fewer than 50 participants and only 14.2% (n=4) had over 150 participants. With the exception of three studies from East Asia, [22][23][24] all of the quantitative studies reported only descriptive data disaggregated for trans men; regression and correlational analyses were either not conducted or pooled with other participants (generally trans women). Across study designs, only nine study samples were comprised exclusively of trans men.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health of transgender men in low-income and middle-income countries: a scoping review

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

IntroductionDespite the rapid growth of research on transgender (trans) health globally, the extent of research on trans men and other transmasculine persons assigned the female sex at birth remains unclear. We, therefore, conducted a scoping review on trans men’s health in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs).MethodsThe review included peer-reviewed articles and conference abstracts, and grey literature published from 1 January 1999 to 5 July 2019 in English, French, Hindi or Spanish and reporting original quantitative and/or qualitative data on the health of trans men or transmasculine persons living in LMIC. Studies were excluded if they did not disaggregate data for trans men or if they only described surgical techniques or laboratory values.ResultsWe included 53 studies (42 peer-reviewed and 11 grey literature) from 19 LMIC. Most were conducted in higher-middle-income countries (n=12) and in Latin America (n=16, 30.2%), the Middle East (n=14, 26.4%) or Sub-Saharan Africa (n=12, 22.6%) and published in 2014 or later (n=44, 83.0%). Approximately half of studies used quantitative methods (52.8%, n=28), of which 64.3% (n=18) had fewer than 50 participants and 14.2% (n=4) had over 150. Across study designs, social determinants of health and gender-affirming care were the most commonly represented domains (49.1% and 47.1% of studies respectively), with common themes including gender-based violence, coercion and discrimination as well as unprescribed hormone use. Other domains represented included mental health (32.1%), sexual and reproductive health (24.5%), general healthcare access (18.9%), physical health (9.4%) and substance use (9.4%).ConclusionGreater inclusion and disaggregation of trans men and transmasculine persons in global health research is needed to support sex- and gender-based analyses of trans health. Community-based research approaches and theoretically driven research may help to increase the relevance and rigour of such research. Funders should invest in research on trans men’s health in LMIC.

show abstract

“…Transgender and gender nonconforming youth are a diverse group and face considerable obstacles to health and well-being. 13 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 To our knowledge, there have been no school-based surveys to examine the prevalence and mental health status of TGNC adolescents in mainland China. In surveying a nonclinical sample of adolescents, this study aimed to compare the mental health status of TGNC and cisgender adolescents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mental Health Status of Cisgender and Gender-Diverse Secondary School Students in China

Wang

Yang

et al. 2020

JAMA Netw Open

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

Health care and mental wellbeing in the transgender and gender-diverse Chinese population

Cited by 35 publications

References 10 publications

High HIV prevalence and associated risk factors among transgender women in China: a cross‐sectional survey

High HIV prevalence and associated risk factors among transgender women in China: a cross‐sectional survey

Health of transgender men in low-income and middle-income countries: a scoping review

Mental Health Status of Cisgender and Gender-Diverse Secondary School Students in China

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About