Health and economic burden associated with 15-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine serotypes in Korea and Hong Kong

Abstract

Use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) has greatly reduced the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). V114 (VAXNEUVANCE™, Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp. a subsidiary of Merck & Co. Inc. Kenilworth, NJ, USA) is a 15-valent PCV currently approved in adults in the United States, containing the 13 serotypes in licensed PCV13 and 2 additional serotypes (22F and 33F) which are important contributors to residual pneumococcal disease. This study quantified the health and economic burden of IPD attributable to V114 serotypes in hypothetical birth cohorts from Korea and Hong Kong. A Markov model was used to estimate the case numbers and costs of IPD in unvaccinated birth cohorts over 20 years. The model was applied to 3 scenarios in Korea (pre-PCV7, pre-PCV13, and post-PCV13) and to 2 scenarios in Hong Kong (pre-PCV7 and post-PCV13). For Korea, the model predicted 62, 26, and 8 IPD cases attributable to V114 serotypes in the pre-PCV7, pre-PCV13, and post-PCV13 scenarios, respectively. Costs of V114-type IPD fell from $1.691 million pre-PCV7 to $.212 million post-PCV13. For Hong Kong, the model estimated 62 V114-associated IPD cases in the pre-PCV7 scenario and 46 in the post-PCV13 scenario. Costs attributed to all V114 serotypes were $2.322 million and $1.726 million in the pre-PCV7 and post-PCV13 periods, respectively. Vaccine-type serotypes are predicted to cause continuing morbidity and cost in Korea (19A) and Hong Kong (3 and 19A). New pediatric pneumococcal vaccines must continue to protect against serotypes in licensed vaccines to maintain disease reduction, while extending coverage to non-vaccine serotypes.

Burden of invasive pneumococcal disease, non-invasive all-cause pneumonia, and acute otitis media in hospitalized US children: a retrospective multi-center study from 2015-2020

“…In a prospective study examining IPD in children at 8 children's hospitals in the US from 2014 to 2017, approximately three-quarters (76.1%) of IPD cases were caused by non-PCV13 S. pneumoniae serotypes and these serotypes are more common in patients with underlying risk factors [27], a variable identi ed here as a key risk factor for poor outcomes. Models suggest that the introduction of effective vaccines protecting against additional S. pneumoniae serotypes may play a key role in reducing not only overall disease burden [7,20,[28][29][30], but also AMR S. pneumoniae infections [10]. In addition to higher valency vaccines, more widespread vaccination may also diminish PD impact in children.…”