Health and Distance to Healthcare in Papua New Guinea

Kassens, Alice Louise; Rodgers, Yana van der Meulen

doi:10.1007/978-981-13-6268-2_10

Cited by 5 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…It is also houses the administrative capital of PNG, Port Moresby, which is characterized by high socioeconomic development and numerous infrastructural developments such as good schools, good road network, and advanced healthcare system compared to the Highland region, which is less developed and lacks many social amenities. [37][38][39] Previous studies have reported that the region of residence has the potential to influence health outcomes and this study corroborates with such findings. 40,41 In this instance, lack of health infrastructure, quality healthcare, and development in the Highlands region could hinder access to sexual health information, care, and utilization of healthcare services.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The Southern region of PNG is known for its development, medical infrastructure, and many social amenities. It is also houses the administrative capital of PNG, Port Moresby, which is characterized by high socioeconomic development and numerous infrastructural developments such as good schools, good road network, and advanced healthcare system compared to the Highland region, which is less developed and lacks many social amenities 37–39 . Previous studies have reported that the region of residence has the potential to influence health outcomes and this study corroborates with such findings 40,41 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

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Self‐reported sexually transmitted infections among men and women in Papua New Guinea: A cross‐sectional study

Tetteh,

Aboagye,

Adu‐Gyamfi

et al. 2024

Health Science Reports

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Background and AimsSexually transmitted infections (STIs) pose a considerable concern for global healthcare systems. We examined the prevalence and correlates of self‐reported STIs (SR‐STIs) among men and women in Papua New Guinea.MethodsA total of 7,195 women and 4,069 men from Papua New Guinea who participated in the 2016–2018 Demographic and Health Survey were included in this study. Percentages were used to summarize the prevalence of SR‐STIs among men and women. A multivariable multilevel binary logistic regression was used to examine the correlates of SR‐STIs in men and women.ResultsAn overall 5.9% and 4.6% prevalence of SR‐STIs were recorded among women and men, respectively, in Papua New Guinea. The odds of SR‐STIs were higher among women who ever tested for HIV (aOR = 2.47, CI: 1.80–3.39), those who had first sex below 20 years (aOR = 1.76, CI: 1.10–2.80), those who watched television less than once a week (aOR = 1.83, CI: 1.13–2.95) and those from the Highlands and Momase regions (aOR = 5.55, CI: 3.30–9.33) compared to their counterparts who never tested for HIV, who had their first sexual intercourse when they were 20 years and above, who did not watch television at all, and those from the Southern Region. For men, the odds of SR‐STIs were high among those who ever tested for HIV (aOR = 1.65, CI: 1.11–2.45), those with one (aOR= 2.08, CI: 1.05–4.14) and two or more (aOR = 3.77, CI: 1.49, 9.52) sexual partners excluding spouse in the 12 months preceding the survey, those living in the Highlands region (aOR = 2.52, CI: 1.48–4.29), and those living in communities with medium literacy level (aOR = 2.33, CI: 1.38–3.94) compared to their counterparts who had never tested for HIV, those with zero sexual partners excluding their spouse in the 12 months preceding the survey, those living in the Southern region, and those living in communities with low literacy levels.ConclusionWe recommend that the National AIDS Council of Papua New Guinea through the National HIV and STI 2018–2022 Strategy program should be realigned to address these correlates and ensure that more sexual and reproductive health resources are provided to men and women in the Highlands and Momase regions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 83%

Self‐reported sexually transmitted infections among men and women in Papua New Guinea: A cross‐sectional study

Tetteh,

Aboagye,

Adu‐Gyamfi

et al. 2024

Health Science Reports

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“…It contains the city of Port Moresby, which is the capital of the country and the center for major businesses. On the other hand, the Islands region is less developed and contains least densely populated areas in the country [ 62 – 64 ]. A study by Woldeamanuel [ 65 ] reported that mothers in urban or developed areas in Ethiopia are 29% more likely to practice EIB than mothers in the less developed areas.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The regional disparities of EIB in Papua New Guinea could be as a result of the disparities in the allocation of developmental projects and health amenities across the regions in the country. For instance, residents in the southern region have more and easy access to maternal health information, education, and services as compared to their counterparts in the Islands region, which could lead to high EIB [ 64 ]. This finding highlights the need for policies and programs aimed at improving EIB to pay attention to cross-regional variations in EIB.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of early initiation of breastfeeding in Papua New Guinea: a population-based study using the 2016-2018 demographic and health survey data

et al. 2020

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Background Initiation of breastfeeding after birth comes with a wide range of benefits to the child. For example, it provides the child with all essential nutrients needed for survival within the first six months of birth. This study sought to determine the prevalence and factors associated with early initiation of breastfeeding (EIB) in Papua New Guinea. Methods We utilized the Demographic and Health Survey data of 3198 childbearing women in Papua New Guinea. We employed descriptive and binary logistic regression analyses. We presented the results as Crude Odds Ratios (COR) and Adjusted Odds Ratios (AOR), with 95% confidence intervals (CI) signifying level of precision. Level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results Women aged 20–29 [AOR = 1.583, CI = 1.147–2.185] and those aged 30+ [AOR = 1.631, CI = 1.140–2.335] had higher odds of EIB, compared to those aged 15–19. Women from the Islands region had lower odds [AOR = 0.690, CI = 0.565–0.842] of EIB, compared to those in Southern region. Women who delivered through caesarean section had lower odds of EIB, compared to those who delivered via vaginal delivery [AOR = 0.286, CI = 0.182–0.451]. Relatedly, women who delivered in hospitals had lower odds of EIB [AOR = 0.752, CI = 0.624–0.905], compared to those who delivered at home. Women who practiced skin-to-skin contact with the baby [AOR = 1.640, CI = 1.385–1.942] had higher odds of EIB, compared to those who did not. Women who read newspaper or magazine at least once a week had lower odds of EIB [AOR = 0.781, CI = 0.619–0.986], compared to those who did not read newspaper at all. Conclusion The prevalence of EIB in Papua New Guinea was relatively high (60%). The factors associated with EIB are age of the women, region of residence, mode of delivery, place of delivery, practice of skin-to-skin contact with the baby, and exposure to mass media (newspaper). To increase EIB in Papua New Guinea, these factors ought to be considered in the implementation of policies and measures to strengthen existing policies. Health providers should educate mothers on the importance of EIB.

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“…[24] It has been reported that HIV prevalence among PNG women is attributed to multiple factors such as gender inequality, sociocultural norms, household poverty, and unsupported social and structural factors, including unequal access to sexual and reproductive health services, increasing women’s vulnerability to HIV infection. [28–31]…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and determinants of not testing for HIV among young adult women in Papua New Guinea: findings from the 2016–2018 Demographic and Health Survey

Maviso

Kalembo

2023

Preprint

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ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the determinants of not testing for HIV among young adult women aged 15-29 years in Papua New Guinea (PNG).Design and settingThe study used secondary data from the 2016-2018 PNG Demographic and Health Survey (PNGDHS), a nationally representative cross-sectional survey that utilised two-stage cluster sampling. Multivariate logistic regression with complex sample analysis was performed to assess the determinants of not testing for HIV.ParticipantsA total of 8,155 young adult women aged 15-29 years were included in the study.Outcome measureNot testing for HIV.ResultsThe prevalence of not testing for HIV was 71.8% (95% CI: 0.71-0.73). Young adult women who were never married (AOR: 4.9, 95% CI: 3.6-6.6), from rural areas (AOR: 2.0, 95% CI: 1.5-2.6), from poor wealth indices (AOR: 1.8, 95% CI: 1.3-2.5), who did not frequently read newspapers or magazines (AOR: 1.7, 95% CI: 1.3-2.1), who did not frequently listen to the radio (AOR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1-2.0), who had initiated sex before the age of 20 (AOR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.1-1.9), and who had one sexual partner (AOR: 1.5, 95% CI: 1.2-2.0) had higher odds of not testing for HIV compared with their counterparts.ConclusionsOur study found that more than two-thirds of young women in PNG have never been tested for HIV. Socio-demographics, lack of exposure to media, having one sex partner, and not having had an STI in the past 12 months are associated with not testing for HIV. Multi-sectorial policy and programmatic approaches to strengthen community- and home-based testing to complement facility-based HIV services and overcome barriers associated with HIV testing among this population are necessary.

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Health and Distance to Healthcare in Papua New Guinea

Cited by 5 publications

References 11 publications

Self‐reported sexually transmitted infections among men and women in Papua New Guinea: A cross‐sectional study

Self‐reported sexually transmitted infections among men and women in Papua New Guinea: A cross‐sectional study

Determinants of early initiation of breastfeeding in Papua New Guinea: a population-based study using the 2016-2018 demographic and health survey data

Prevalence and determinants of not testing for HIV among young adult women in Papua New Guinea: findings from the 2016–2018 Demographic and Health Survey

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