Healing of Rabbit Corneal Alkali Wounds In Vitro

Chung, Jang‐Hyun

doi:10.1097/00003226-199001000-00007

Cited by 14 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…Corneal stromal survival is dependent on a restoration of keratocytes and the inhibition of transformation to fibroblasts due to inflammation, mediators, and severe proliferation stimulus. Endothelial survival is well known to be a fact in severe eye burns [51] and is the most outstanding circumstance to guarantee corneal survival. If a higher amount of the endothelium is damaged, only little chances on visual rehabilitation without corneal graft are given.…”

Section: Cellular Survivalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiopathology of the Cornea and Physiopathology of Eye Burns

Schrage

2010

Chemical Ocular Burns

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The barriers of the eye differ from that of skin in dimensions and mucosal organization: there are epithelial cellular barriers made of lipid layers on the eye and dry surfaces made of proteins in the stratified surfaces of the skin. Skin is protected by a superficial outer fatty film, the stratum corneum, and covered by a thick layer of cells, the basal cellular layer. Thanks to these thick layers, skin has a high resistance to initial diffusion of aqueous fluids and less resistance to lipophilic solvents and to acids. The initial chemical cracking of the lipid layer allows fluids to invade deeper layers of the skin. The basal cell layer and the hair follicles contain stem cells capable of epithelial regeneration.The construction of the eye is completely different. The outer layer of this mucosa consists of a tiny tear layer of lipids and water which covers a superficial epithelium closed by double layer lipid membranes of 30-70 nm size interconnected by tight junctions. Three to seven layers of epithelial cells cover the stromal structures of conjunctiva or cornea. The conjunctival surface has interposed cells secreting small amounts of mucin, the so-called goblet cells, which are typically missing within the corneal epithelium. The regeneration of epithelial structures is due to the limbal stem cells located deep in the Vogt's crypts, for the cornea, and to the conjunctival stem cells lying deep in the fornices, for the conjunctiva.The stroma of cornea and conjunctiva consists of connective tissue, which in the conjunctiva is extremely soft, containing superficial and deep vessels on the sclera located in arterial and venous vessels.These vessels end in arcade-like structures at the limbus. The corneal stroma is made of three different main layers that differ in density of collagen and type of packing. The Bowman's membrane of the anterior stroma is part of the basal membrane of the corneal epithelium and accounts for 5% of the thickness of the central 500-600 mm cornea. The corneal stroma consists of highly ordered, horizontally organized and noninterconnected collagen I and X fibrillae that are kept in a hydrated state with a water content of 72-78% and an osmolarity of 420 mOsmol/kg [1].The inner layer of the corneal stroma is a dense membrane of collagen like the basal membrane of the monolayer of corneal endothelium. Descemets membrane is transparent with a thickness varying from 7 to 20 mm, according to the age of the individual. Conjunctiva and cornea host nerve endings of high density in the superficial and basal layers. The cornea at the limbus smoothly changes to sclera with interconnected nontransparent collagen fibrils. Physiological Mechanisms of Decontamination on the EyeIn case of surface contact of fluids with skin, typically nondefatted skin will pearl off the liquids immediately. Defatted skin tends to allow better contact for fluids. The application of soaps or detergents would lessen this initial effect. In contrast to that, the miscibility of

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Section: Cellular Survivalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiopathology of the Cornea and Physiopathology of Eye Burns

Schrage

2010

Chemical Ocular Burns

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“…Epithelial healing rates are 39.88 dependent on various factors such as the size, location, nature of the wound, and way of analysis [15][16][17][18][19][20]. Previously, we have detailed a method for the determination of epithelial healing rate in standardized epithelial wounds induced by alkali and n-heptanol [21,22]. It has been found that alkali-induced corneal wounds healed faster than n-heptanol-induced corneal wounds [16].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Topical Na-Hyaluronan on Hemidesmosome Formation in n-Heptanol-Induced Corneal Injury

Chung

Kim²,

Lee

et al. 1998

Ophthalmic Res

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The present study investigated the effect of Na-hyaluronan (Na-HA) on the hemidesmosome morphogenesis in n-heptanol-induced corneal wounds. Central epithelial wounds were induced in the rabbit cornea by applying a 5.5-mm round filter paper, which was soaked in n-heptanol, for 60 s. 1% Na-HA in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) or PBS alone were topically administered to the wounded cornea 4 times daily for up to 7 days. Epithelial healing rates during the first 2 days were not altered by Na-HA. The number of hemidesmosomes in the basement membrane of the central cornea was significantly increased in both 3- and 7-day groups after treatment with 1% Na-HA. The results suggest that topically applied 1% Na-HA may enhance the formation of hemidesmosomes during the early healing phase in n-heptanol-induced corneal wounds.

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“…A comeal alkaline burn was induced in the right eye of the animals following a previously standardized technique [6][7][8].…”

Section: Experimental Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antioxidant Therapy in the Treatment of Experimental Acute Corneal Inflammation

et al. 1995

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To ascertain the effectiveness of topical antioxidant therapy on acute corneal inflammation, we have studied the effectiveness of topical treatment with a saline solution and with antioxidants such as 0.2% superoxide dismutase and 0.5% dimethylthiourea (DMTU) in a controlled experimental study. The evolution of the inflammatory process was evaluated by a multimodel approach, including computer-assisted planimetry of the corneal ulcer and infiltrate, ultrasonic pachymetry, luminol-amplified chemiluminescence and the study of corneal transparency by direct spectral spectrophotometry transmittance. The experimental model was a corneal ulcer created by a 60-second application of 1 N sodium hydroxide. Topical treatment with DMTU was shown to significantly improve all parameters tested, while superoxide dismutase reduced only the corneal ulcers. Antioxidant topical therapy with DMTU was shown to be efficient in reducing the inflammatory reaction that occurs during acute corneal inflammation. This suggests that antioxidant therapy could be considered as a complementary treatment in the pharmacological modulation of acute corneal inflammation.

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Healing of Rabbit Corneal Alkali Wounds In Vitro

Cited by 14 publications

References 0 publications

Physiopathology of the Cornea and Physiopathology of Eye Burns

Physiopathology of the Cornea and Physiopathology of Eye Burns

Effect of Topical Na-Hyaluronan on Hemidesmosome Formation in n-Heptanol-Induced Corneal Injury

Antioxidant Therapy in the Treatment of Experimental Acute Corneal Inflammation

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