Abstract:Introduction The time headway of vehicles is of fundamental importance in traffic engineering applications like capacity, levelof-service and safety studies. Further, the performance of traffic simulation depends on inputs into the simulation process and 'accurate vehicle generation' is critical in this context. Thus, it is important to define headway distribution pattern for the purpose of analyzing traffic and subsequently, taking infrastructure related decisions. In so far, majority of the researches on thi… Show more
“…The table shows that the log-normal distribution has the least estimation error value. This is consistent with the literature which reported that the log-normal distribution offers a close fit to the intervehicle distance [32]- [34]. Hence, the distribution of the inter-vehicular distances is given by…”
Section: Data Processing Results and Discussionsupporting
This paper studies the impact of dynamic vehicular traffic density on the signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) and the associated bit-error-rate (BER) performance of vehicle-to-vehicle visible light communication (V2V-VLC) systems. The study uses traffic data from the M42 and M6 motorways in the UK to investigate the probability of co-existence of other vehicles in the adjacent lanes which induce interference and act as potential reflectors. The results show that the probability of co-existence of other vehicles in the adjacent lanes is lane-independent and it increases during the rush hours to 90%, while it decays to less than 10% during the off-peak and early morning hours. The inter-vehicular distance and the BER performance vary widely between different lanes and different periods of the day. The results also show that the BER performance of V2V-VLC system with non-line-of-sight (NLOS) component and with line-of-sight (LOS) component are comparable at rush hours. However, high BER values are predicted during the off-peak hours for NLOS components of the channel.
“…The table shows that the log-normal distribution has the least estimation error value. This is consistent with the literature which reported that the log-normal distribution offers a close fit to the intervehicle distance [32]- [34]. Hence, the distribution of the inter-vehicular distances is given by…”
Section: Data Processing Results and Discussionsupporting
This paper studies the impact of dynamic vehicular traffic density on the signal-to-noise-ratio (SNR) and the associated bit-error-rate (BER) performance of vehicle-to-vehicle visible light communication (V2V-VLC) systems. The study uses traffic data from the M42 and M6 motorways in the UK to investigate the probability of co-existence of other vehicles in the adjacent lanes which induce interference and act as potential reflectors. The results show that the probability of co-existence of other vehicles in the adjacent lanes is lane-independent and it increases during the rush hours to 90%, while it decays to less than 10% during the off-peak and early morning hours. The inter-vehicular distance and the BER performance vary widely between different lanes and different periods of the day. The results also show that the BER performance of V2V-VLC system with non-line-of-sight (NLOS) component and with line-of-sight (LOS) component are comparable at rush hours. However, high BER values are predicted during the off-peak hours for NLOS components of the channel.
“…Step 2: modify the weight of the single model matched with the new pixel, dw � α • (1 − w i (x, y, t − 1)), and the weight increment is expressed as follows [15,16]:…”
Section: Updating the Parameters And Performing Foreground Detectionmentioning
As a key element of ITS (intelligent traffic systems), traffic information collection facilities play a key role, with ITS being able to analyze the state of mixed traffic more appropriately and can provide effective technical support for the design, management, and the evaluation of constructions. Traffic Infrastructure. Focusing on image processing technology, this study takes pedestrians, electric motor, and vehicles in mixed traffic flow as the research object, and Gaussian mixed model, Kalman filtering, and Fisher linear discriminant are introduced in the recognition system. On this basis, the mixed motion flow data acquisition framework model is elaborated in detail, which includes attribute extraction, object recognition, and object tracking. Given the difficulty in capturing reliable images of objects in real traffic scenes, this study adopted a novel background and foreground classification method with region proposal network so as to decrease the number of regions proposal from 2000 to 300, which can detect objects fast and accurately. Experiments demonstrate that the designed programme can collect the flow data by detecting and tracking moving object in the surveillance video for mixed traffic. Further integration of various modules to achieve integrated collection is another important task for further research and development. In the future, research on dynamic calibration of monocular vision will be carried out for distance measurement and speed measurement of vehicles and pedestrians.
“…Jang [19] reported four models for various states of traffic flow on suburban arterial roads including the Johnson system bounded model, the Johnson system unbounded model, the log-logistic model, and the log-normal model [19]. Roy and Saha [20] concluded that the log-logistic distribution is an appropriate choice for moderate traffic flow, but the performance of Pearson 5 is good under congestion [20]. However, the situation near the stop line is very different where the traffic flow is interrupted and the time headway is influenced by signal control [21].…”
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