Head-Tilt Method of Oral Resuscitation

Elam, James O.

doi:10.1001/jama.1960.03020080042011

Cited by 67 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…Although the head tilt-chin lift technique was developed using unconscious, paralyzed adult volunteers and has not been studied in victims with cardiac arrest, clinical 130 and radiographic evidence 131,132 and a case series 133 have shown it to be effective (Class IIa, LOE B).…”

Section: Open the Airway: Healthcare Providermentioning

confidence: 99%

Part 5: Adult Basic Life Support

Berg¹,

Robin²,

Abella³

et al. 2010

Circulation

698

495

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Basic life support (BLS) is the foundation for saving lives following cardiac arrest. Fundamental aspects of BLS include immediate recognition of sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) and activation of the emergency response system, early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), and rapid defibrillation with an automated external defibrillator (AED). Initial recognition and response to heart attack and stroke are also considered part of BLS. This section presents the 2010 adult BLS guidelines for lay rescuers and healthcare providers. Key changes and continued points of emphasis from the 2005 BLS Guidelines include the following:• Immediate recognition of SCA based on assessing unresponsiveness and absence of normal breathing (ie, the victim is not breathing or only gasping) Despite important advances in prevention, SCA continues to be a leading cause of death in many parts of the world. 1 SCA has many etiologies (ie, cardiac or noncardiac causes), circumstances (eg, witnessed or unwitnessed), and settings (eg, out-of-hospital or in-hospital). This heterogeneity suggests that a single approach to resuscitation is not practical, but a core set of actions provides a universal strategy for achieving successful resuscitation. These actions are termed the links in the "Chain of Survival." For adults they include When these links are implemented in an effective way, survival rates can approach 50% following witnessed out-ofhospital ventricular fibrillation (VF) arrest. 2 Unfortunately survival rates in many out-of-hospital and in-hospital settings fall far short of this figure. For example, survival rates following cardiac arrest due to VF vary from approximately 5% to 50% in both out-of-hospital and in-hospital settings. 3,4 This variation in outcome underscores the opportunity for improvement in many settings.Recognition of cardiac arrest is not always straightforward, especially for laypersons. Any confusion on the part of a rescuer can result in a delay or failure to activate the emergency response system or to start CPR. Precious time is lost if bystanders are too confused to act. Therefore, these adult BLS Guidelines focus on recognition of cardiac arrest with an appropriate set of rescuer actions. Once the lay bystander recognizes that the victim is unresponsive, that bystander must immediately activate (or send someone to activate) the emergency response system. Once the healthcare provider recognizes that the victim is unresponsive with no breathing or no normal breathing (ie, only gasping) the healthcare provider will activate the emergency response system. After activation, rescuers should immediately begin CPR.Early CPR can improve the likelihood of survival, and yet CPR is often not provided until the arrival of professional emergency responders. 5 Chest compressions are an especially critical component of CPR because perfusion during CPR

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Section: Open the Airway: Healthcare Providermentioning

confidence: 99%

Part 5: Adult Basic Life Support

Berg¹,

Robin²,

Abella³

et al. 2010

Circulation

698

495

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In a few case reports, a finger sweep was effective for relieving FBAO in unconscious adults and children aged Ͼ1 year (LOE 4 161,162,170 ). Case reports documented harm to the victims or biting of the rescuer's finger with finger sweeps (LOE 4 145,171 and LOE 5 155,156,173 ).…”

Section: Consensus On Sciencementioning

confidence: 99%

Part 5: Adult Basic Life Support

Sayre¹,

Koster²,

Botha³

et al. 2010

Circulation

151

136

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“…The first challenge is to seal the facemask tightly to the patient's face; the second is to overcome airway obstruction caused by glossoptosis [1]. The standard manoeuvre to solve these challenges is to use the Esmarch technique (bimanual jaw-thrust) of pulling the mandible in front of the maxilla [2,3]. This manoeuvre can be further improved by extending the patient's head on their flexed neck; the so-called 'sniffing the morning air' position [4].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimising the unprotected airway with a prototype Jaw‐Thrust‐Device – a prospective randomised cross‐over study

Goedecke

Mitterschiffthaler

Paal³

et al. 2009

Anaesthesia

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SummaryDespite being a standard procedure during induction of anaesthesia, facemask ventilation can be a major challenge especially for inexperienced anaesthetists. We manufactured a Jaw-Thrust-Device designed to keep the patient's jaws in an optimised position, and thus to maintain the airway in a permanently patent state. Using a cross over design, we compared the influence of using the Esmarch manoeuvre (bimanual jaw-thrust), a nasopharyngeal airway, an oropharyngeal airway, or the Jaw-Thrust-Device on airway physiology in 50 healthy adults with body mass index < 35 kg.m )2 , undergoing standard facemask ventilation for routine induction of anaesthesia.The main study endpoints were expiratory tidal volumes, airway resistances, and gas flow rates. The Jaw-Thrust-Device was more effective in increasing expiratory tidal volumes and peak inspiratory flow than a standard Esmarch manoeuvre, and was more effective than both nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal airways in decreasing airway resistance.

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Head-Tilt Method of Oral Resuscitation

Cited by 67 publications

References 0 publications

Part 5: Adult Basic Life Support

Part 5: Adult Basic Life Support

Part 5: Adult Basic Life Support

Optimising the unprotected airway with a prototype Jaw‐Thrust‐Device – a prospective randomised cross‐over study

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