Head and other physical trauma requiring hospitalisation is not a significant risk factor in the development of ALS

Turner, Martin R; Abisgold, J. D.; Yeates, David; Talbot, Kevin; Goldacre, Michael J

doi:10.1016/j.jns.2009.10.010

Cited by 49 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…This cohort was used as a ‘reference cohort’, presumed to approximate the general population in its risk of major diseases 9 10 12. Referred to as the ‘non-CHD’ cohort, it comprised common conditions that, both individually and in combination, are thought very unlikely to be associated with either an atypically high or low risk of ALS.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have previously used a hospital admission record linkage database to explore (and reject) another aetiological hypothesis in ALS—namely, that head injury and other trauma requiring hospitalisation might be a risk factor for ALS—using record linkage to avoid the issue of recall bias 9. To exploit the power of this resource as a way to study prior physical fitness in those subsequently developing ALS, the same methodology was applied to study the rate ratio of ALS in people with and without a prior record of coronary heart disease (CHD).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cardiovascular fitness as a risk factor for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: indirect evidence from record linkage study: Table 1

Turner

Wotton

Talbot

et al. 2011

J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cardiovascular fitness as a risk factor for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: indirect evidence from record linkage study: Table 1

Turner

Wotton

Talbot

et al. 2011

J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry

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“…Prior TBI has also been associated with a significantly elevated risk of frontotemporal dementia 70 and although a prior meta-analysis of the risk of TBI on development of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) showed a mildly elevated risk, 11 others have disputed the connection. 93 Although psychiatric symptoms (e.g., depression and anxiety) are common acutely after TBI, 6, 35, 40 whether there are protracted psychiatric sequelae from earlier-life TBI remains poorly understood. 96 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of traumatic brain injury with subsequent neurological and psychiatric disease: a meta-analysis

Perry¹,

Sturm²,

Peterson

et al. 2016

JNS

315

227

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Object Mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been proposed as a risk factor for development of Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, depression, and other illnesses. This study’s objective was to determine the association of prior mild TBI with subsequent diagnosis (i.e., at least one year post-injury) of neurologic or psychiatric disease. Methods All studies from 1995–2012 reporting TBI as a risk factor for diagnoses of interest were identified by searching PubMed, study references, and review articles. Reviewers abstracted the data and assessed study design and characteristics. Results 57 studies met inclusion criteria. A random effects meta-analysis revealed a significant association of prior TBI with subsequent neurologic and psychiatric diagnosis. The pooled odds ratio (OR) for TBI on development of any illness was 1.67 (95% CI 1.44–1.93, p<.001). Prior TBI was independently associated with both neurologic [OR 1.55 (95% CI 1.31–1.83, p<.001)] and psychiatric [OR 2.00 (95% CI 1.50–2.66, p<.001)] outcomes. Analyses of individual diagnoses found higher odds of Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, mild cognitive impairment, depression, mixed affective disorders, and bipolar disorder in individuals with previous TBI compared to those without TBI. This association was present when examining only studies of mild TBI and when considering the influence of study design and characteristics. Analysis of a subset of studies found no evidence that multiple TBIs were associated with higher odds of disease than a single TBI. Conclusions History of TBI, including mild TBI, is associated with the development of neurologic and psychiatric illness. This indicates that either TBI is a risk factor for heterogeneous pathologic processes or that TBI may contribute to a common pathologic mechanism.

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“…These findings suggest that a history of TBI predisposes individuals to ALS, a notion that was first proposed back in 1911 230 . However, once again, the epidemiological studies yield conflicting results as several found a significant relationship between previous TBI history and ALS 19,231,232 while several provide evidence to refute this claim 233–235 .…”

Section: Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosismentioning

confidence: 99%

Examining the Relationship between Head Trauma and Neurodegenerative Disease: A Review of Epidemiology, Pathology and Neuroimaging Techniques

Sundman

Hall

Chen

2014

J Alzheimers Dis Parkinsonism

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Traumatic brain injuries (TBI) are induced by sudden acceleration-deceleration and/or rotational forces acting on the brain. Diffuse axonal injury (DAI) has been identified as one of the chief underlying causes of morbidity and mortality in head trauma incidents. DAIs refers to microscopic white matter (WM) injuries as a result of shearing forces that induce pathological and anatomical changes within the brain, which potentially contribute to significant impairments later in life. These microscopic injuries are often unidentifiable by the conventional computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance (MR) scans employed by emergency departments to initially assess head trauma patients and, as a result, TBIs are incredibly difficult to diagnose. The impairments associated with TBI may be caused by secondary mechanisms that are initiated at the moment of injury, but often have delayed clinical presentations that are difficult to assess due to the initial misdiagnosis. As a result, the true consequences of these head injuries may go unnoticed at the time of injury and for many years thereafter. The purpose of this review is to investigate these consequences of TBI and their potential link to neurodegenerative disease (ND). This review will summarize the current epidemiological findings, the pathological similarities, and new neuroimaging techniques that may help delineate the relationship between TBI and ND. Lastly, this review will discuss future directions and propose new methods to overcome the limitations that are currently impeding research progress. It is imperative that improved techniques are developed to adequately and retrospectively assess TBI history in patients that may have been previously undiagnosed in order to increase the validity and reliability across future epidemiological studies. The authors introduce a new surveillance tool ((Retrospective Screening of Traumatic Brain Injury Questionnaire, RESTBI) to address this concern.

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Head and other physical trauma requiring hospitalisation is not a significant risk factor in the development of ALS

Cited by 49 publications

References 34 publications

Cardiovascular fitness as a risk factor for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: indirect evidence from record linkage study: Table 1

Cardiovascular fitness as a risk factor for amyotrophic lateral sclerosis: indirect evidence from record linkage study: Table 1

Association of traumatic brain injury with subsequent neurological and psychiatric disease: a meta-analysis

Examining the Relationship between Head Trauma and Neurodegenerative Disease: A Review of Epidemiology, Pathology and Neuroimaging Techniques

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