Head anatomy of adult Coniopteryx pygmaea : Effects of miniaturization and the systematic position of Coniopterygidae (Insecta: Neuroptera)

Randolf, Susanne; Zimmermann, Dominique; Aspöck, Horst

doi:10.1016/j.asd.2016.12.004

Cited by 23 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 83 publications

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“…Phylogenetic relationship among the families of lacewings has been controversial for decades, with numerous, often widely differing relationships proposed for the constituent families (e.g. Handlirsch, 1906–1908; Withycombe, ; Aspöck et al ., ; Winterton, ; Haring & Aspöck, ; Zimmermann et al ., , ; Winterton et al ., ; Beutel et al ., 2010a,b; Yang et al ., ; Randolf et al ., , , ; Wang et al ., ). Recent quantitative analyses, particularly those incorporating large amounts of DNA sequence data (and those combined with morphological data), have begun to converge on specific relationships with relatively strong support (Winterton et al ., ; Yang et al ., ; Wang et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent quantitative analyses, particularly those incorporating large amounts of DNA sequence data (and those combined with morphological data), have begun to converge on specific relationships with relatively strong support (Winterton et al ., ; Yang et al ., ; Wang et al ., ). In contrast, studies based solely on cladistic analyses of morphological data have struggled to recover a resolved, strongly supported phylogeny, often with paraphyly of previously well‐established groups (Aspöck et al ., ; Beutel et al ., ,b; Zimmermann et al ., ; Randolf et al ., , , ). This is likely due to difficulties in developing robust statements of homology across families due to the generalized morphology of adults and the starkly disparate morphology exhibited by the larvae, obscuring easily observable morphological evidence of common descent.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Such characteristics include presence of only six Malpighian tubules (more than six in all other Neuroptera), female genitalic morphology, sperm microstructure and ovariole structure (Sziráki, , ; Kubrakiewicz et al ., ; Zizzari et al ., ). The extreme modifications of coniopterygids have also led some authors to suggest instead that they are more derived, and quantitative studies utilizing only small amounts of DNA sequence data, or morphology alone, have recovered the family in a variety of derived positions, sister to families such as Sisyridae (Aspöck et al ., ; Winterton, ), Dilaridae (Haring & Aspöck, ), or the ‘dilarid’ clade (Zimmermann et al ., , ; Beutel et al ., ; Randolf et al ., , , ). Moreover, most of these authors have thus suggested other families are sister to the rest of the order based on either qualitative or quantitative studies, including, Ithonidae s.s. (Withycombe, : although he presciently placed coniopterygids as the next basal group and contrary to the more derived placement of subsequent authors), Nevrorthidae (Aspöck et al ., ; Aspöck & Aspöck, ; Beutel et al ., ,b) and Sisyridae (Randolf et al ., , ; Zimmermann et al ., ), among others.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dilaridae are an enigmatic family comprising three subfamilies with approximately 100 species, dating back from the Cretaceous and Palaeogene (Engel, ; Liu et al ., ). They previously have been difficult to place phylogenetically; some authors have placed them with Berothidae, Mantispidae and Rhachiberothidae as the ‘dilarid’ clade (Aspöck et al ., ; Aspöck & Aspöck, ; Beutel et al ., ,b; Randolf et al ., , , ; Zimmermann et al ., ), although evidence provided for the monophyly of this group is based on frequently homoplasious morphological characters with weak statistical support. Other work, based on larger, more diverse datasets, has instead placed Dilaridae closer to the base of the lacewing tree (Haring & Aspöck, ; Winterton et al ., ; Wang et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Evolution of lacewings and allied orders using anchored phylogenomics (Neuroptera, Megaloptera, Raphidioptera)

Winterton

Lemmon

Gillung

et al. 2017

Systematic Entomology

146

200

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Analysis of anchored hybrid enrichment (AHE) data under a variety of analytical parameters for a broadly representative sample of taxa (136 species representing all extant families) recovered a well-resolved and strongly supported tree for the higher phylogeny of Neuropterida that is highly concordant with previous estimates based on DNA sequence data. Important conclusions include: Megaloptera is sister to Neuroptera; Coniopterygidae is sister to all other lacewings; Osmylidae, Nevrorthidae and Sisyridae are recovered as a monophyletic Osmyloidea, and Rhachiberothidae and Berothidae were recovered within a paraphyletic Mantispidae. Contrary to previous studies, Chrysopidae and Hemerobiidae were not recovered as sister families and morphological similarities between larvae of both families supporting this assumption are reinterpreted as symplesiomorphies. Relationships among myrmeleontoid families are similar to recent studies except Ithonidae are placed as sister to Nymphidae. Notably, Ascalaphidae render Myrmeleontidae paraphyletic, again calling into question the status of Ascalaphidae as a separate family. Using statistical binning of partitioned loci based on a branch-length proxy, we found that the diversity of phylogenetic signal across partitions was minimal from the slowest to the fastest evolving loci and varied little over time. Ancestral character-state reconstruction of the sclerotization of the gular region in the larval head found that although it is present in Coleoptera, Raphidioptera and Megaloptera, it is lost early in lacewing evolution and then regained twice as a nonhomologous gula-like sclerite in distantly related clades. Reconstruction of the ancestral larval habitat also indicates that the ancestral neuropteridan larva was aquatic, regardless of the assumed condition (i.e., aquatic or terrestrial) of the outgroup (Coleopterida).

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Evolution of lacewings and allied orders using anchored phylogenomics (Neuroptera, Megaloptera, Raphidioptera)

Winterton

Lemmon

Gillung

et al. 2017

Systematic Entomology

146

200

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“…Compared to them, the number of the head pairs of muscles (24) and thoracic pairs of muscles (51) of M. sylvatica is notably greater. Minute Neuroptera Coniopteryx pygmaea (Randolf et al, 2017) have 46 pairs of muscles in the head. Compared to them, the number of the head pairs of muscles (24) of M. sylvatica is notably smaller.…”

Section: Musculaturementioning

confidence: 99%

Peer Review #1 of "Effects of miniaturization in the anatomy of the minute springtail Mesaphorura sylvatica (Hexapoda: Collembola: Tullbergiidae) (v0.1)"

Minelli¹

2019

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Smaller animals display pecular characteristics related to their small body size, and miniaturization has recently been intensely studied in insects, but not in other arthropods. Collembola, or springtails, are abundant soil microarthropods and form one of the four basal groups of hexapods. Many of them are notably smaller than 1 mm long, which makes them a good model for studying miniaturization effects in arthropods. In this study we analyze for the first time the anatomy of the minute springtail Mesaphorura sylvatica (body length 400 µm). It is described using light and scanning electron microscopy and 3D computer reconstruction. Possible effects of miniaturization are revealed based on a comparative analysis of data from this study and from studies on the anatomy of larger collembolans. Despite the extremely small size of M. sylvatica, some organ systems, e.g., muscular and digestive, remain complex. On the other hand, the nervous system displays considerable changes. The brain has two pairs of apertures with three pairs of muscles running through them, and all ganglia are shifted posteriad by one segment. The relative volumes of the skeleton, brain, and musculature are smaller than those of most microinsects, while the relative volumes of other systems are greater than or the same as in most microinsects. Comparison of the effects of miniaturization in collembolans with those of insects has shown that most of the miniaturization-related features of M. sylvatica have also been found in microinsects (shift of the brain into the prothorax, absent heart, absence of midgut musculature, etc.), but also has revealed unique features (brain with two apertures and three pairs of muscles going through them), which have not been described before.

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From Chewing to Sucking via Phylogeny—From Sucking to Chewing via Ontogeny: Mouthparts of Neuroptera

Zimmermann

Randolf

Aspöck

2019

Zoological Monographs

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Head anatomy of adult Coniopteryx pygmaea : Effects of miniaturization and the systematic position of Coniopterygidae (Insecta: Neuroptera)

Cited by 23 publications

References 83 publications

Evolution of lacewings and allied orders using anchored phylogenomics (Neuroptera, Megaloptera, Raphidioptera)

Evolution of lacewings and allied orders using anchored phylogenomics (Neuroptera, Megaloptera, Raphidioptera)

Peer Review #1 of "Effects of miniaturization in the anatomy of the minute springtail Mesaphorura sylvatica (Hexapoda: Collembola: Tullbergiidae) (v0.1)"

From Chewing to Sucking via Phylogeny—From Sucking to Chewing via Ontogeny: Mouthparts of Neuroptera

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