HE4 Serum Levels are Associated with Poor Prognosis in Patients with Acute Heart Failure Combined with Chronic Kidney Disease

Abstract

Purpose The levels of human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) is associated not only with the prognosis of patients with acute heart failure (AHF), but also with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Our study aims to understand the prediction value of HE4 on prognosis in patients with AHF combined with CKD. Patients and Methods This study prospectively enrolled patients diagnosed with AHF combined with CKD at the Department of Cardiology of Hunan Provincial People’s Hospital from March 2019 to December 2022. Serum levels of HE4 were measured using a chemiluminescence microparticle immunoassay. The endpoint events included heart failure readmission and cardiovascular death. Results A total of 130 patients with AHF combined with CKD were included in the stud. The median age is 73 years (interquartile range: 65–79 years). Among the patients, 94 experienced the endpoint events. The multivariable Cox analysis reveals that LnHE4 (HR=2.280, 95% CI 1.300–3.998, P = 0.004) and age (HR=1.024, 95% CI 1.003–1.045, P = 0.025) are independent predictors of the endpoint events. The Kaplan-Meier survival curve demonstrates that patients with HE4 levels>276.15 pmol/L has a significantly higher incidence of endpoint events compared to those with HE4 levels≤276.15 pmol/L (Log rank test: χ2=19.689, P < 0.001). After adjusting for age and gender, the HR is 2.520 (95% CI: 1.626–3.906, P < 0.001). Conclusion HE4 is an independent predictor of heart failure readmission and cardiovascular death in patients with AHF combined with CKD.