‘He is now like a brother, I can even give him some blood’ – Relational ethics and material exchanges in a malaria vaccine ‘trial community’ in The Gambia

Stakeholder Views of Clinical Trials in Low- and Middle-Income Countries: A Systematic Review

“…He told people if they won't enroll in the study they should just keep quiet and anybody who will be heard spreading rumours will be arrested … After the assistant chief called the meeting, rumours stopped and for us who had already joined, we felt a bit better because rumours had stopped." (Female parent, late consenter) 20 ''It was not diffi cult at all; it was diffi cult to convince them to join the program, but through the long time I stayed with them I got a special relation, an independent rapport with them, so that even if they do not want to join, they couldn't say no.." (Fieldworker) 46 Managing community and research expectations "So as we went round he [CHW] 25 Retaining participation of community intermediaries "Those who stopped complained of money saying they are suffering for nothing . .…”

“…It was sad…to leave." (Fieldworker) 46 "My father is the sufferer...He used to be the alternate imam of the village. Now half of the people do not want to stand behind him in the prayers.…”

“…"….because Britain has more power than Africa," "it will be easier here than there" or even "in UK people are not willing to participate in trials." 46 14 "Research project? They build houses?"…”

“…35 Some parents feared that refusal to participate would result in denial of medical care. 40,42 The Gambian community appreciated having posttrial access to treatment, 46 and mothers in Malawi valued the clinical testing provided in the trials. 35 Parents had a "therapeutic misconception" 23 that all trial interventions were beneficial; for example, they believed that participating in the HIV trials would prevent their child from contracting HIV.…”

Anthropologie de la recherche médicale au Sud

“…Le développement de ces suspicions à Niakhar peut aussi être rapproché de la production grandissante de rumeurs au Sud que certains auteurs associent aux inégalités induites par la colonisation, puis la « globalisation » (Inde, Amérique, Afrique) [33,34]. Leur interprétation doit prendre en compte les conditions passées et présentes de la recherche médicale [33,36].…”