HCV and tumors correlated with immune system: a case-control study in an area of hyperendemicity

Montella, Maurizio; Crispo, Anna; Frigeri, Ferdinando; Ronga, Domenico; Tridente, Vincenzo; Marco, M. De; Fabbrocini, Gabriella; Spada, Orlando Antonio; Mettivier, Vincenzo; Tamburini, Mario

doi:10.1016/s0145-2126(01)00027-3

Cited by 40 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Two of them 3,19) were excluded from our analysis because those papers were presenting the same data by the same authors. 5,20) The studies included in our study are listed in Table 1.Data abstraction. Three investigators (K.M, A.K., and A.S.) abstracted the data independently using a standard information extraction form.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effect of hepatitis C virus infection on the risk of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma: A meta‐analysis of epidemiological studies

Matsuo

Kusano

Sugumar³

et al. 2004

Cancer Science

201

142

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Although a high prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection among non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) patients had been reported, subsequent epidemiological studies conducted to examine a causal association between HCV and NHL have provided inconsistent results across studies. A strikingly positive association has been reported primarily from Italy and Japan, while no association was found in other regions of the world. To clarify the association between HCV and NHL, we conducted a systematic literature review. Eligible study designs were nested casecontrol studies, population-based case-control studies, and hospital-based case-control studies using non-cancer subjects as controls. The studies published through January 1991 to August 2003 were searched through Medline. Ultimately, 23 studies with 4049 NHL patients and 1,813,480 controls were identified. Summary statistics were crude odds ratios (ORs) comparing the anti-HCV seropositive and seronegative subjects. As we identified heterogeneity between studies, summary statistics were calculated based on a random-effect model. We did not find any evidence of publication bias. The major sources of variation were the use of blood donor controls and year of publication. The summary OR for NHL was 5.70 (95% confidence interval (CI), 4.09-7.96, P < < < <0.001). The subgroup analysis by phenotype showed a similar trend for B-cell on-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is a set of malignant diseases arising from lymphoid tissues. As it is heterogeneous in terms of classification and has relatively low incidence, epidemiological studies regarding causative factors for NHL have not been satisfactorily conducted compared with other malignant diseases. However, several possible causative factors have been identified, including pesticides, blood transfusion, immunodeficiency, radiation, smoking and several types of diet, as summarized elsewhere.1) Among them, infectious agents, such as Helicobacter pylori, human T-cell leukemia virus (HTLV-I), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), are promising factors from the viewpoint of prevention.Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a hepatotrophic virus contributing to the development of chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. Extrahepatic manifestations resulting from HCV, including lymphoproliferative syndromes such as type II mixed cryoglobulinemia (MC),2) have received increased attention. High prevalence of HCV infection among NHL patients was reported in the early 1990s, 3) suggesting a causal association between HCV and NHL. Subsequent epidemiological studies examined this potential association, but yielded inconsistent results across studies. The studies reporting a significantly positive association are from HCV endemic areas such as Italy and Japan, while other studies reporting no association come from non-endemic countries. 4)The aim of this study is to clarify the association between HCV infection and risk of NHL by means of a systematic review of the literature. Materials and MethodsSelection of studies. We used Medline to i...

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confidence: 99%

Effect of hepatitis C virus infection on the risk of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma: A meta‐analysis of epidemiological studies

Matsuo

Kusano

Sugumar³

et al. 2004

Cancer Science

201

142

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“…[23][24][25][26][27] However, the interaction between tobacco smoking and HCVinfection remains an open issue.…”

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Smoking and non‐Hodgkin lymphoma: Case‐control study in Italy

Talamini

Polesel

Montella

et al. 2005

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Tobacco smoking is a well-documented risk factor for several cancers, but the role of cigarette smoking in the etiology of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is inadequately understood. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) has been associated with NHL, but the interaction between HCV and smoking habits has not yet been studied. Between 1999 and 2002, we conducted a case-control study on the association of HCV, smoking habits and NHL in 2 areas of northern and southern Italy. Cases were 225 consecutive patients (median age, 59 years) with a new diagnosis of NHL that were admitted to reference and general hospitals. Controls were 504 patients (median age, 63 years) admitted to the same hospitals as cases, for a wide spectrum of acute, nonneoplastic, nonimmune-, nor tobacco-related conditions. Current, heavy smokers (!20 cigarettes/day) had an odds ratio (OR) of NHL of 2.10 (95% confidence interval, CI: 1.07-4.12) compared to never smokers. The association between smoking and NHL was consistent across strata of sex and age. Compared to never smokers, current smokers of !20 cigarettes/day had ORs of 1.14 (95% CI: 0.37-3.56) for B-cell-low-grade, 2.10 (95% CI: 0.94-4.67) for B-cell-intermediate and high-grade, and 25.84 (95% CI: 1.95-342.17) for T-cell NHL. The effect of tobacco smoking and HCV were independent on the relative risk, leading a 4-fold elevated risk in current smokers HCV positive subjects. Tobacco smoking and hepatitis C virus (HCV) have been associated to non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), but the interaction between HCV and smoking habits has not yet been studied. Our study confirms that tobacco is related to NHL, and reports on the combined effect of tobacco smoking and HCV. Infection acted together according to a multiplicative model, leading to a 4-fold elevated risk in current smokers HCV positive subjects. ' 2005 Wiley-Liss, Inc.

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“…The prevalence of HCV in NHLs and/or LPDs has been found to be between 0-38% [17,18,21,22,[24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43]. As seen in these series, prevalence was the highest in Italy, the USA, and Japan, and lowest in England and France.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…This result shows the variability of age and HCV status in cases with NHL. In most of the reports, HCV infection was more frequent among B-cell lymphomas, while in a few there was no difference in the prevalence of HCV infection between patients with B-or T-cell NHL [18,24,27,29].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…However, in some of them there was no difference for HCV prevalence according to the grade of NHL [26,28,30]. In others, a higher prevalence of HCV infection was found in intermediate and high-grade lymphomas as compared to low-grade lymphomas [27,29,50,51] and also only in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas [17,24,29,52,53]. In our study we did not find an important difference between patients with or without evidence of HCV infection according to the grade of the lymphoma.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Anti‐HCV and HCV‐RNA prevalence and clinical correlations in cases with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma

et al. 2003

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Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is an RNA virus in the Flaviviridae family. It displays lymphotropism in addition to hepatotropism and extrahepatic manifestations are very well known. There are many studies showing an association between HCV infection and non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL). In this study the evidence for HCV infection was studied in cases with NHL. To this end, anti-HCV antibody and HCV-RNA were screened in serum samples of cases with NHL using third-generation ELISA and RT-PCR. Anti-HCV antibody was studied in 223 patients and was found to be positive in 18 cases (8.1%). Anti-HCV antibody positivity was compared with our blood bank / blood donor population. There was an important increased risk of HCV infection-the common odds ratio was 34.56 and corrected odds ratio was 19.07. HCV-RNA was studied in 67 of 223 serum samples. HCV-RNA was found to be positive in 21 of 67 samples (31.3%). When compared with clinicodemographic parameters for anti-HCV and HCV-RNA, including age, nodal status, and grade (in evaluable cases), except age in cases with or without HCV-RNA, we did not find an important correlation with HCV status and clinical findings (P = 0.155; 0.442; 0,558; 0.126, respectively). These results suggest that HCV infection may be an important risk factor for lymphomagenesis and HCV-RNA is more useful for the detection of HCV infection in these immunosuppressed cases. Simultaneous detection of anti-HCV and HCV-RNA will be more informative in this population. Am. J.

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HCV and tumors correlated with immune system: a case-control study in an area of hyperendemicity

Cited by 40 publications

References 29 publications

Effect of hepatitis C virus infection on the risk of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma: A meta‐analysis of epidemiological studies

Effect of hepatitis C virus infection on the risk of non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma: A meta‐analysis of epidemiological studies

Smoking and non‐Hodgkin lymphoma: Case‐control study in Italy

Anti‐HCV and HCV‐RNA prevalence and clinical correlations in cases with non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma

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