HBV Infection in Untreated HIV-infected Adults in Maputo, Mozambique

Chambal, Lúcia; Gudo, Eduardo Samo; Carimo, Awa; Real, Rita Corte; Mabunda, Nédio; Maueia, Cremildo; Zicai, Ana Flora; Vubil, Adolfo; Bhatt, Nilesh; Antúnes, Francisco

doi:10.1093/ofid/ofx163.1750

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…We report a majority (57.1%) of the HIV/HBV coinfected patients at CDC AIDS Clinical stage B, similar to the findings of Kouanfack et al of 2012 in Yaoundé [20], and Aghokeng et al of 2013 [21]. However, the rate of 21.9% of HIV/HBV coinfection found in this study is higher than the reports of Chambal et al in 2017 of 9.1% [22] and of 9.8% by Fouelifack in 2012 [2], 8.99% by Molu et al in 2018 [23] and 11.8% reported by Salpini et al in 2016 [8]. This could be explained by the small sample size of our study.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Undiagnosed Chronic Hepatitis B Infection and HIV Type 1 Drug Resistance Profile in AIDS Patients Receiving Tenofovir-containing Antiretroviral Regimens: Considerations for Monitoring Resistant HIV Variants during Treatment

Kouanfack

Kowo

Haddison

et al. 2018

MRJI

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Background: During antiretroviral therapy (ART), resistant HIV-1 variants may be selected resulting in clinical failure. Co-infection rate of Hepatitis B virus in AIDS patients in Cameroon is 11.8%, but few studies have described the profile of resistance associated mutations (RAMs) in HIV in these patients on first-line ART containing antiviral drugs against hepatitis B infection. Thus, we aimed to determine the rate of HBV infection and profile of HIV-1 RAMs in AIDS patients on ART.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Undiagnosed Chronic Hepatitis B Infection and HIV Type 1 Drug Resistance Profile in AIDS Patients Receiving Tenofovir-containing Antiretroviral Regimens: Considerations for Monitoring Resistant HIV Variants during Treatment

Kouanfack

Kowo

Haddison

et al. 2018

MRJI

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“…Administration of these drugs in HIV-positive patients without knowledge of their HBV status can lead to the emergence of HBV drug resistance mutations (DRMs) and potentially limiting the treatment options available for the treatment of HBV [11]. Therefore, the World Health Organisation (WHO) [12] has recommended that all HIV-infected patients should be tested for the presence of HBV prior to initiation of therapy [12], but this is rarely done in Nigeria and some parts of sub-Saharan Africa due to high costs or partly due to neglect of the disease and concentration on HIV treatment [13,14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prevalence and characteristics of hepatitis B and D virus infections among HIV-positive individuals in Southwestern Nigeria

Opaleye

Akanbi

Osundare

et al. 2021

Virol J

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Background Coinfections of HIV-positive individuals with Hepatitis B and D virus (HBV and HDV) are common and can be associated with rapid liver damage. Several antiretroviral drugs for HIV exhibit anti-HBV effect; however, the selection of HBV drug resistance mutations (DRMs) in individuals under HIV antiretroviral therapy (ART) has been reported but rarely in Nigeria. In this study the HBV/HDV prevalence and HBV DRMs in HIV-positive individuals in Southwestern Nigeria were assessed. Methods Plasma samples collected from 310 HIV-positive individuals including 295 ART-experienced and 15 ART-naïve persons attending the HIV clinic in three south-western states of Nigeria between June 2017 and August 2017 were analysed by ELISA for HBsAg and anti-HDV. The presence of HDV RNA and HBV DNA was analysed by (RT)-PCR followed by sequencing and phylogenetic analyses for genotyping. The HBV reverse transcription (RT) region was amplified and sequenced for the analysis of drug resistance mutations. Results Overall, 16.1% (n = 50/310) of the HIV-positive individuals were positive for HBsAg, most of which were ART-experienced (94.0%; n = 47/50). From the 50 HBsAg-positive samples, 72.0% (n = 36/50) were positive for HBV DNA and 16.0% (n = 8/50) had detectable HDV RNA while 5.6% (n = 2/36) of the HBV-DNA positive samples had anti-HDV total antibodies. Sequences were available for 31/36 of the HBV DNA-positive and 3/8 HDV RNA-positive samples. HBV DNA-positive samples were characterised as HBV genotype E infections exclusively, while HDV genotype 1 was detected in the HDV RNA-positive samples. HBV DRMs V173L, L180M, S202I and M204V/I, which are associated with lamivudine resistance, were detected in 32.2% (n = 10/31) of the HBV DNA-positive samples. Most of these mutations (90.0%; n = 9/10) were present in the ART-experienced cohort. Conclusions This study indicates that HBV/HDV coinfections are common in HIV-positive individuals under ART in Nigeria. Furthermore, a high proportion of HBV DRMs which potentially compromise future treatment options were detected, underscoring the need for HBV screening prior to starting ART. Further studies should be performed to monitor a possible increase in the spread of HDV among populations at risk of HIV and HBV infections.

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“…19,20 HIV coinfection with HBV accelerates the progression of HBV-related liver diseases and significantly increases the mortality of HIV patients. [21][22][23] Therefore, it is crucial to decrease the risk of HBV infection in HIV patients, and HBV vaccination is the most effective means of preventing HBV infection and reducing mortality in HIV infection patients. 24 The efficacy of standard-dose hepatitis B vaccination in HIV patients has been reported in some countries, and the immune response ranges from 18% to 71%, 11 to increase immune response rates, double-dose or four-dose hepatitis B vaccination methods in HIV-positive populations have been recommended in several studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Because HIV and HBV share similar transmission routes, HIV coinfection with HBV is common; according to epidemiological investigations, an estimated 5%–6% of people in China are infected with HBV, 18 and approximately 8.7% of HIV patients are coinfected with HBV 19,20 . HIV coinfection with HBV accelerates the progression of HBV‐related liver diseases and significantly increases the mortality of HIV patients 21–23 . Therefore, it is crucial to decrease the risk of HBV infection in HIV patients, and HBV vaccination is the most effective means of preventing HBV infection and reducing mortality in HIV infection patients 24 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune response to hepatitis B vaccination in human immunodeficiency virus‐positive patients in China: A 2‐year retrospective study

Deng

Feng

et al. 2021

Journal of Medical Virology

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Currently, the studies focused on the immune response to hepatitis B vaccination in Chinese human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)‐positive patients are limited. In this study, the participants with an initial hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) titer <10 mIU/ml were assigned to Cohort 1 to receive a standard dose of recombinant hepatitis B vaccine, and participants with an initial HBsAb titer between 10 and 100 mIU/ml were assigned to Cohort 2 to receive a single reinforced recombinant vaccine. In Cohort 1, the immune and high response rates in HIV‐positive patients were 93.4%/81.4%, 87.4%/51.5%, and 83.2%/40.7% at 1–3 months, 1 year, and 2 years postvaccination. Multivariate analysis showed that only age and HIV RNA status at baseline were independent factors related to sustained immune response at 2 years postvaccination. In Cohort 2, the high immune response rates in HIV‐positive patients were 78.8%, 60.6%, and 51.5% at 1–3 months, 1 year, and 2 years postvaccination. The immune or high response rates did not differ between HIV‐positive patients and healthy controls at 1–3 months postvaccination in these two cohorts; however, HBsAb titers were significantly lower in HIV‐positive patients. This study summarized the 2‐year data of immune response to hepatitis B vaccination and analyzed the factors related to sustained immune response at 2 years postvaccination in Chinese HIV‐positive patients.

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HBV Infection in Untreated HIV-infected Adults in Maputo, Mozambique

Cited by 6 publications

References 0 publications

Undiagnosed Chronic Hepatitis B Infection and HIV Type 1 Drug Resistance Profile in AIDS Patients Receiving Tenofovir-containing Antiretroviral Regimens: Considerations for Monitoring Resistant HIV Variants during Treatment

Undiagnosed Chronic Hepatitis B Infection and HIV Type 1 Drug Resistance Profile in AIDS Patients Receiving Tenofovir-containing Antiretroviral Regimens: Considerations for Monitoring Resistant HIV Variants during Treatment

Prevalence and characteristics of hepatitis B and D virus infections among HIV-positive individuals in Southwestern Nigeria

Immune response to hepatitis B vaccination in human immunodeficiency virus‐positive patients in China: A 2‐year retrospective study

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