Hazards education and academic standards in the Southeast United States

Mitchell, Jerry T.

doi:10.1080/10382040902861221

Cited by 32 publications

(27 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Currently, studies have shown that hazards/disasters activities are under-represented in U.S. classrooms, leaving ample opportunity to include disaster education in school curriculum (International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies 2011). As examples, Geography can be used to teach students about human and physical hazards in the locality (Mitchell 2009), homework can be given that promotes student/parent interaction (other disciplines) (Gregg et al 2003), and/or schools could encourage preparedness among families and school staff (Wood and Glik 2012). Additionally, classes could be offered for adults via Weather Hazard Programs (or stand-alone courses) (International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies 2011;Vitek and Berta 1982), applying evidence-based adult education concepts (Arndt and LaDue 2013).…”

Section: Guidance On Outdoor Siren System Alerting For Those Under Immentioning

confidence: 99%

Alerting under imminent threat: guidance on alerts issued by outdoor siren and short message alerting systems

Kuligowski¹,

Kimball²

2018

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The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST)'s Technical Investigation of the 2011 Joplin, MO tornado identified that no widely accepted standards exist for emergency communications in tornado events and more specifically, policies involving the use of communication systems to alert the public in advance of tornadoes. This publication provides evidence-based guidance for communities on the creation and provision of public alerts, including both alerts provided by outdoor siren (warning) systems and "short messages" sent by social media or other short message service (SMS) platforms. It is the hope that this guidance can eventually be used as input for standardization, through codes and standards, of the procedures and practices for outdoor siren systems and short message alerts used by communities across the United States. Standardization of emergency communication policies and procedures could occur at multiple levels, including among multiple jurisdictions, state-wide, regionally, or even nationally.This document begins with a brief background on alerting systems, focusing specifically on outdoor siren systems and short message alerts. The next section presents the methods used for the development of evidence-based guidance on public alerts, including methods for review of literature on public response to public alerting systems, the development of preliminary guidance based on these reviews, and the finalization of the guidance presented here in this report. Then, guidance for communities on the creation and provision of public alerts for those under imminent threat is presented. This document ends with a discussion on unanswered questions, providing opportunities for further research into various areas of public alerting.

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Section: Guidance On Outdoor Siren System Alerting For Those Under Immentioning

confidence: 99%

Alerting under imminent threat: guidance on alerts issued by outdoor siren and short message alerting systems

Kuligowski¹,

Kimball²

2018

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“…For the same reasons, according to Mitchell (2009), geography is the natural academic »home« for teaching about hazards. As the risk reduction certainly includes the Human-environment relations (HER), the necessary integrative approach is provided through geography as a science (Golledge 2002).…”

Section: Why Geography?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Risk education in Serbia

Majkić¹,

Milošević²,

Panić³

et al. 2014

AGS

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Logo of the training program for geography teachers »Natural disasters and geography teaching«, one of the rare official activities related to systematic risk education in Serbia. DESIGN: MILOVAN MILIVOJEVI]Jelena Kova~evi} -Majki}, Marko V. Milo{evi}, Milena Pani}, Dragana Miljanovi}, Jelena ] ABSTRACT: Natural disaster risk reduction can be achieved through vulnerability reduction, as well as through strengthening the resilience of the population. One of the segments leading to these aims is a proper risk education. It is the public (compulsory) education system that reaches the greatest number of participants and represents a good platform for the natural disaster knowledge transfer. Geography, as a complex subject that includes both natural and social components, is the most appropriate to transfer the knowledge necessary to improve the resilience. Research done in Serbia (detailed analyses of curricula, textbooks, teachers' role and pupils' knowledge) shows that children do learn about natural disasters but not in a way which provides usable knowledge.

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“…The research indicates the importance of surveying U.S. classrooms on whether their lesson plans currently include hazard education (Mitchell 2009); however, two surveys already performed in the state of Washington (Johnson 2013) and ten states in the southeast U.S. (Mitchell 2009) suggest that hazards are likely underrepresented in social studies throughout the nation.…”

Section: Educate and Train The Public On New Policiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For example, Geography classes can be used to teach students about both human and physical hazards that exist within the locality, in addition to alerting/warning systems and their policies (Mitchell 2009). Additionally, homework can be given that promotes student and parent interaction, so that parents are also educated on the hazards that exist within their community (Gregg et al 2003).…”

Section: Educate and Train The Public On New Policiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Outdoor siren systems: a review of technology, usage, and public response during emergencies

Kuligowski¹,

Wakeman²

2017

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The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) Technical Investigation of the 2011 Joplin, MO tornado identified that no widely accepted standards exist for emergency communications in tornado events and more specifically, policies involving the use of outdoor siren systems to alert the public in advance of tornadoes. As a result, siren usage, testing, education and training, and all-clear procedures vary widely across the U.S.; leading to distrust and confusion among community residents surrounding emergency communications.This study is designed to develop evidence-based guidance for communities on the creation and provision of public alerts, including both alerts provided by outdoor siren (warning) systems and "short messages" sent by social media or other short message service (SMS) platforms. It is the hope that this guidance can eventually be used as a basis for standardization, through codes and standards, of the procedures and policies for outdoor siren systems and social media used by communities across the United States. Standardization of emergency communication policies and procedures could occur at multiple levels, including among multiple jurisdictions, state-wide, regionally, or even nationally.This document focuses on outdoor siren systems, specifically presenting a review of technology, usage and public response. First, an overview is provided on the current status of siren systems in the United States, i.e., the current siren technology available to communities and the ways in which this technology is used in communities across the United States. Second, a review of the literature is presented on the ways in which people respond to alerting signals (including siren systems) and the current limitations of siren systems in light of these findings. This document concludes with a discussion on the key findings and recommendations from the literature on the ways in which to improve current outdoor siren systems, based on the methods by which people receive and process alerts. Following this work, a review will be performed and published on "short messages", which will also be used, along with the work published here, to develop the overall evidence-based guidance for communities on the creation and provision of public alerts.

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Hazards education and academic standards in the Southeast United States

Cited by 32 publications

References 16 publications

Alerting under imminent threat: guidance on alerts issued by outdoor siren and short message alerting systems

Alerting under imminent threat: guidance on alerts issued by outdoor siren and short message alerting systems

Risk education in Serbia

Outdoor siren systems: a review of technology, usage, and public response during emergencies

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