Hazard Investigations of LiClO4 / Dioxolane Electrolyte

Newman, Gerald H.; Francis, R. W.; Gaines, L.; Rao, B. M. L.

doi:10.1149/1.2130056

Cited by 86 publications

(50 citation statements)

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“…Nonetheless, the highlyo xidizing nature of ClO 4 À and its interaction with organic compounds in al ithium-ion cell resultsi n the severe risk of explosion. [83] Thus, LiClO 4 has been banned from use in LIBs (apart from scientific studies).…”

Section: Alternative Lithium Salts:l Ifaplibf 4 Liasf 6 a Nd Liclomentioning

confidence: 99%

Safer Electrolytes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: State of the Art and Perspectives

et al. 2015

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Lithium-ion batteries are becoming increasingly important for electrifying the modern transportation system and, thus, hold the promise to enable sustainable mobility in the future. However, their large-scale application is hindered by severe safety concerns when the cells are exposed to mechanical, thermal, or electrical abuse conditions. These safety issues are intrinsically related to their superior energy density, combined with the (present) utilization of highly volatile and flammable organic-solvent-based electrolytes. Herein, state-of-the-art electrolyte systems and potential alternatives are briefly surveyed, with a particular focus on their (inherent) safety characteristics. The challenges, which so far prevent the widespread replacement of organic carbonate-based electrolytes with LiPF6 as the conducting salt, are also reviewed herein. Starting from rather "facile" electrolyte modifications by (partially) replacing the organic solvent or lithium salt and/or the addition of functional electrolyte additives, conceptually new electrolyte systems, including ionic liquids, solvent-free, and/or gelled polymer-based electrolytes, as well as solid-state electrolytes, are also considered. Indeed, the opportunities for designing new electrolytes appear to be almost infinite, which certainly complicates strict classification of such systems and a fundamental understanding of their properties. Nevertheless, these innumerable opportunities also provide a great chance of developing highly functionalized, new electrolyte systems, which may overcome the afore-mentioned safety concerns, while also offering enhanced mechanical, thermal, physicochemical, and electrochemical performance.

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Section: Alternative Lithium Salts:l Ifaplibf 4 Liasf 6 a Nd Liclomentioning

confidence: 99%

Safer Electrolytes for Lithium‐Ion Batteries: State of the Art and Perspectives

et al. 2015

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“…Compared with other lithium salts, LiClO 4 also has the advantage of being relatively less hygroscopic and is relatively stable to ambient moisture in comparison with their counterparts. However, the high oxidation state of chlorine (VII) in perchlorate makes it a strong oxidant, which reacts with most organic species in violent ways under certain conditions such as high temperature and high current charge [48,49]. It is being used frequently as a salt of choice in various laboratory tests because of its ease of handling and cost-effectiveness and particularly in manfucturing coin type of lithium cells [12,20,50,51].…”

Section: Choice Of the Lithium Saltsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RETRACTED ARTICLE: Polymer electrolytes: characteristics and peculiarities

Ahmad

2009

Ionics

110

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Polymer electrolytes are an important component of many electrochemical devices. This paper reviews stateof-the-art of the electrochemical and physical properties of polymer electrolytes. This review mainly encompasses the properties of different salts, solvents, and polymer hosts, which are encaged in liquid electrolytes. The additions of filler in polymer electrolytes result in composite polymer electrolytes, having high mechanical integrity and ionic conductivity, that are ideal electrolyte for these applications. The next generation state-of-the-art room-temperature ionic liquids based electrolytes, which are far superior to corresponding nonionic solvent-based electrolytes, are also discussed.

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“…During the history of lithium-ion batteries, several Li-conducting salts have been investigated but the list of less suitable examples is long: LiAsF 6 is one example where byproducts are toxic [20][21][22], LiClO 4 is explosive [23,24] A new salt, lithium 4,5-dicyano-2-(trifluoromethyl)imidazolide (LiTDI) (structural formula in Fig. 1) has recently been presented [27,28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%