“Have You Been to Walmart?” Gender and Perceptions of Safety in North Dakota Boomtowns

Pippert, Timothy D.; Schneider, Rachel Zimmer

doi:10.1080/00380253.2017.1413602

Cited by 7 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…In the 1970s and 1980s era scholarship on boomtown crime, Moen (1981) documented the presence of workplace harassment in these places, and Endo et al (1984) identified the correlates of family violence in these boomtowns. Studies carried out in the Bakken since the 2007 boom reveal that women are fearful of being victimized (Mrozla et al, 2018;Pippert & Zimmer Schneider, 2018). Kilanski's (2015) fieldwork in a U.S. boomtown reveals that media accounts and community gossip contribute to a fear of victimization and how these fears shaped women's choices about where they travel, shop, or work.…”

Section: The Boom-crime Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

A perfect storm: Violence toward women in the Bakken oil patch

Ruddell¹,

Britto²

2020

International Journal of Rural Criminology

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Communities in the Bakken region of Montana and North Dakota that experienced a resourcebased boom starting in the mid-2000s had significant increases in the volume and seriousness of violence toward women. We identify five community factors distinctive to these boomtowns that created a perfect storm where these crimes proliferated including: (a) precarious housing arrangements; (b) the social isolation of women; (c) lack of domestic violence shelters and other social supports for survivors; (d) a workplace culture in the oilfields supportive of substance abuse and hyper-masculinity, and; (e) the inability of boomtown justice systems to respond to these crimes in an effective or timely manner. Although this critical analysis describes the outcomes in a U.S. jurisdiction, the conditions in rapid growth communities are similar throughout the globe and we suggest these community factors be considered in the responses to domestic and intimate partner violence in these rural areas. Our goal in identifying these factors is to work toward the development of an intervention model for officials anticipating resourcebased booms to mitigate this violence.

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Section: The Boom-crime Relationshipmentioning

confidence: 99%

A perfect storm: Violence toward women in the Bakken oil patch

Ruddell¹,

Britto²

2020

International Journal of Rural Criminology

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“…Of relevance to our project is Canvin et al's emphasis on asking people living in poverty what they see as achievements and positive transitions in their lives and identifying the resources (e.g., self-esteem and social support) they have depended on over time to cope with economic conditions. Research on the topic in the American context also supports similar conclusions (see Ennis 2015;Gourley and Madonia 2018;Haggetry 2014;Pippert 2018). Moreover, longitudinal studies have, in recent years, shown how quickly residents of an economically challenged environment can adapt in ways that maintain mental health (Frijters et al 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Resilience in Times of Economic Boom and Bust: A Narrative Study of a Rural Population Dependent upon the Oil and Gas Industry

Mahdiani¹,

Höltge

Theron

et al. 2020

J Adult Dev

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How do residents of small towns that depend on oil and gas extraction or processing industries withstand economic boom and bust cycles? To answer this question, this article reports on a narrative analysis of residents’ life stories gathered from 37 adults of a small town on the Canadian prairies dependent on the oil and gas industry, employing the theories of narrative inquiry and narrative identity. Participants aged 30 to 76 were interviewed and their experiences of living in an unstable economy that is dependent mostly on a single resource extraction industry were explored. Specifically, we asked participants about the effect of economic change on factors related to resilience like family interactions, work choices, educational pathways, and the quality of their social lives. Our analysis of adult narratives looked for patterns in the relationship between risk exposure, promotive and protective factors at multiple systemic levels (individual, relational, cultural), and functional outcomes such as individual coping, community cohesion, and social and economic sustainability. Results show that a strong identity, in particular expressions of personal agency, communion, and engagement in meaning making are contributing factors to adult resilience in a context of economic change. Our results also highlight how positive attitudes towards a better future may inadvertently undermine the need for residents of oil and gas-dependent towns to commit to economic diversification and other potential resilience-promoting strategies.

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“…These processes, in combination with excessive consumption and striving for material prestige, seem to place families in resource‐cursed communities at high risk for problems. Flexible gender roles, however, and shared household and parenting responsibilities (as evident in our data) may prevent the negative impact of changing economies on families in communities that depend on resource extraction industries (Pippert & Zimmer Schneider, 2018). In many ways, this reflects patterns of resilience found among families in occupations with similar work schedules to the O&G industry (e.g., mining, off‐shore wind workers, or military personal; Mette et al., 2019; Riggs & Riggs, 2011; Rossetto, 2013; Taylor & Simmonds, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 84%

“…In addition to the dramatic business cycles of the O&G industry, this industry in particular poses specific challenges to intrafamilial dynamics such as hypermasculinity (Pippert & Zimmer Schneider, 2018). Like other extraction industries, O&G is heavily male-dominated with rigid gender roles.…”

Section: Booms and Busts In Rural Resource-cursed Extraction Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Like other extraction industries, O&G is heavily male‐dominated with rigid gender roles. Such roles contribute to substance abuse, antisocial behavior, domestic violence, crime, as well as safety and security problems for women, especially during boom periods (Ennis & Finlayson, 2015; Pippert & Zimmer Schneider, 2018; Ruddell, 2011; Ruddell & Ortiz, 2015).…”

Section: Booms and Busts In Rural Resource‐cursed Extraction Communitiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Family Resilience in a Resource‐Cursed Community Dependent on the Oil and Gas Industry

et al. 2021

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The economic and social well‐being of rural, “resource‐cursed” communities can depend on the boom‐bust cycles of a single industry like oil and gas. This study used a constructivist, inductive approach to identify the challenges placed on families in one such community and the processes that strengthen family resilience. Semi‐structured interviews were conducted with 35 adult residents (30–76 years old, 19 women) from a community in Alberta, Canada, that has specialized in oil and gas extraction for 70 years and experienced its worst economic downturn while the study was underway. Results showed that many families have experienced an endless cycle of poor work–life balance and income instability throughout the economic cycle. Family life often lacked social cohesion as a consequence of demanding work schedules and economic pressures. Additional challenges were the perceived negative effects of rigid gender roles, substance abuse, family conflicts, and domestic violence. Crucial strengthening processes for family resilience were fundamental financial and living standard adaptations (e.g., living within or below one’s economic means; having both spouses become earners), maintaining regular contact by having a flexible home routine, and mutually agreeing to change roles during busts (former earners take responsibility for caregiving and running of the household and vice versa). Alternatively, accepting economic volatility and its impact on normal family life processes were essential for family resilience. Findings suggest the need for clinicians to help families foster resilience in communities that depend on resource extraction industries with concurrent adaptations required by individuals, families, and socio‐political and economic systems.

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“Have You Been to Walmart?” Gender and Perceptions of Safety in North Dakota Boomtowns

Cited by 7 publications

References 22 publications

A perfect storm: Violence toward women in the Bakken oil patch

A perfect storm: Violence toward women in the Bakken oil patch

Resilience in Times of Economic Boom and Bust: A Narrative Study of a Rural Population Dependent upon the Oil and Gas Industry

Family Resilience in a Resource‐Cursed Community Dependent on the Oil and Gas Industry

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