Have fossil fuels been substituted by renewables? An empirical assessment for 10 European countries

Marques, António Cardoso; Fuinhas, José Alberto; Pereira, Diogo Santos

doi:10.1016/j.enpol.2018.02.021

Cited by 82 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Studies show that an increase in European renewable electricity production (wind power in particular) is coupled with a minor increase in thermal electricity generation using fossil fuels, as this is required for load balancing (Marques, Fuinhas and Pereira 2018;Verdolini, Vona and Popp 2018). During years with low rainfall and thus low hydropower production, European fossil electricity production increases, and fossil fuels are subsidized to ensure the existence of backup production (Agora Energiewende and Sandbag 2018).…”

Section: Future Development Of the Swedish Electricity Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Electric Vehicles in Reducing Climate Impact: Swedish Public Debate 2010–2018

Olsson¹

2019

The International Journal of Climate Change: Impacts and Respon

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To meet the Paris agreement, CO2 emissions from road transport need to be severely lowered. In Sweden, as in many other countries, the number of electric vehicles (EVs) is increasing rapidly. This has led to a recurring debate on whether EVs will help reduce climate impact or not. The aim of this paper is to analyze the Swedish debate on the climate impact of EVs with respect to framing and validity of the arguments. Thirty-one opinion pieces published between 2010 and 2018 are studied. Two discourse coalitions are identified; supporters and opponents of EVs. The opponents' main argument is that EVs use imported, coal-fired electricity with high CO2 emissions. The supporters argue that EVs use Swedish, fossil-free electricity, thereby causing no CO2 emissions. Neither coalition's arguments are wholly valid, but nor are they wholly false. Swedish electricity production is largely fossil free, but, at times of high electricity demand, fossil-based electricity is imported. Thus, Swedish EVs often use fossil-free electricity, but sometimes they do not. This is likely to continue with a large-scale transition to electromobility. Both discourse coalitions motivate their positions with a desire to reduce climate impact. EV supporters are optimistic about technology development and frame EVs as fundamental for future carbon-neutral possibilities. While EV opponents are pessimistic, their framing of the issue implies a need for society to assume responsibility for sustainability in a wide system perspective. This should be acknowledged and used by policy-makers, to ensure that EVs' full potential for climate change mitigation be realized.

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Section: Future Development Of the Swedish Electricity Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Electric Vehicles in Reducing Climate Impact: Swedish Public Debate 2010–2018

Olsson¹

2019

The International Journal of Climate Change: Impacts and Respon

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“…Enerji kullanımında hem çevreye duyarlılık hem de küresel ısınma ile mücadele yapabilmek için fosil yakıtlara alternatif olan yenilenebilir enerji sistemlerinin yaygın hale getirilmesi gerekmektedir. Enerji üretiminde en çok kullanılan fosil kaynaklı yakıtların çevreye verdiği zararlar ve fosil yakıtlara alternatif enerji türleri birçok çalışmada incelenmiştir [1][2][3]. Bu kapsamda sürdürülebilir kalkınma ve yeşil ekonomi terminolojileri adı altında yenilenebilir enerji sistemleri tartışılmaktadır.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Güneş Enerji Sistemi Tasarımı: Kanatlı Hayvan Çiftliği Örneği

Karaağaç

Oğul

Bardak

2020

Düzce Üniversitesi Bilim Ve Teknoloji Dergisi

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Enerji, sanayileşmenin alt yapısı ve günlük hayatın vazgeçilmez bir unsurudur. Bu nedenle, enerji ihtiyacı ulusal ve uluslararası gündemde oldukça önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Enerji ihtiyacının her geçen gün artması ve sanayileşme hedefleri gerçekleştirilirken önemli çevre sorunlarının ortaya çıkmış olması gibi nedenlerle yenilenebilir enerji kaynaklarının kullanımına olan ilgiyi artırmıştır. Bunun yanı sıra, kanatlı hayvan yetiştiriciliği Türkiye ve Dünyada hızlı büyüyen sektörlerden biridir. Bununla birlikte son zamanlarda çiftlik kapalı alanlarında iklimlendirme-havalandırma, aydınlatma ve besleme sistemleri kullanılması üretim kalite ve verimlerinin hızla artmasını sağlamaktadır. Buna endeksli olarak, daha iyi kalite ve yüksek verime ulaşabilmek için kullanılan yöntem ve makinelerden dolayı enerji tüketimi de doğru orantılı olarak artmaktadır. Yapılan bu tesis tasarımıyla tavuk çiftliğinin çatısına yerleştirilen güneş panellerinden elde edilen elektrikle yemleme cihazlarının elektrikli motorları, aydınlatma ve iklimlendirme sisteminin elektriğinin karşılanması amaçlanmıştır. Tavuk çiftliğinin aylık ortalama elektrik tüketimi ise 2.778 kWh bulunmuştur. 1.000 adet tavuğun yetiştirileceği çiftlikte aylık ortalama elektrik tüketim maliyeti 1.290 TL, yıllık toplam maliyeti ise 15.480 TL olarak bulunmuştur. Çatıya kurulacak olan sistemin aylık ortalama üretimi 2.875 kWh olarak hesaplanırken yıllık toplam elektrik üretimi 34.510 kWh bulunmuştur. Çatıya yerleştirilen fotovoltaik panellerin kendini amorti süresi 6 yıl olarak hesaplanmış ve güneş enerji ile üretim yapan bu tesis tasarımı sayesinde 32.439,4 kg CO 2 salınımı da engellenmiştir.

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“…As the use of fossil fuels is causing more and more problems for the environment, a possible alternative on the short term is methane (Harfoot et al, 2018). It is more abundant on earth, cheaper and more easily implemented than not yet completely matured techniques such as hydrogen driven processes (Marques et al, 2018; Rogelj et al, 2018). Existing applications running on fossil fuels, such as cars, can indeed relatively easy and cheaply be adapted to run on natural gas instead (Menon and Komarneni, 1998; Choi et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular Dynamics of CH4/N2 Mixtures on a Flexible Graphene Layer: Adsorption and Selectivity Case Study

et al. 2019

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We theoretically investigate graphene layers, proposing them as membranes of subnanometer size suitable for CH 4 /N 2 separation and gas uptake. The observed potential energy surfaces, representing the intermolecular interactions within the CH 4 /N 2 gaseous mixtures and between these and the graphene layers, have been formulated by adopting the so-called Improved Lennard-Jones (ILJ) potential, which is far more accurate than the traditional Lennard-Jones potential. Previously derived ILJ force fields are used to perform extensive molecular dynamics simulations on graphene's ability to separate and adsorb the CH 4 /N 2 mixture. Furthermore, the intramolecular interactions within graphene were explicitly considered since they are responsible for its flexibility and the consequent out-of-plane movements of the constituting carbon atoms. The effects on the adsorption capacity of graphene caused by introducing its flexibility in the simulations are assessed via comparison of different intramolecular force fields giving account of flexibility against a simplified less realistic model that considers graphene to be rigid. The accuracy of the potentials guarantees a quantitative description of the interactions and trustable results for the dynamics, as long as the appropriate set of intramolecular and intermolecular force fields is chosen. In particular it is shown that only if the flexibility of graphene is explicitly taken into account, a simple united-atom interaction potential can provide correct predictions. Conversely, when using an atomistic model, neglecting in the simulations the intrinsic flexibility of the graphene sheet has a minor effect. From a practical point of view, the global analysis of the whole set of results proves that these nanostructures are versatile materials competitive with other carbon-based adsorbing membranes suitable to cope with CH 4 and N 2 adsorption.

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Have fossil fuels been substituted by renewables? An empirical assessment for 10 European countries

Cited by 82 publications

References 24 publications

The Role of Electric Vehicles in Reducing Climate Impact: Swedish Public Debate 2010–2018

The Role of Electric Vehicles in Reducing Climate Impact: Swedish Public Debate 2010–2018

Güneş Enerji Sistemi Tasarımı: Kanatlı Hayvan Çiftliği Örneği

Molecular Dynamics of CH4/N2 Mixtures on a Flexible Graphene Layer: Adsorption and Selectivity Case Study

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