Hatch timing of two subarctic salmonids in a stream network estimated by otolith increments

Fitzgerald, Kevin A.; Haworth, Matthew R.; Bestgen, Kevin R.; Farrell, Collin J.; Utsumi, Shunsuke; Kishida, Osamu; Uno, Hitoshi; Kanno, Yoichiro

doi:10.1111/fme.12504

Cited by 4 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Specifically, the magnitude of maximum spring flow was considerably higher in the northern sub‐region, which would more likely result in stream bed scouring and YOY mortality in the northern versus southern sub‐region. Plus, winter stream temperature during trout egg incubation was warmer in the southern sub‐region relative to the northern sub‐region (G. Valentine, unpublished data), which accelerates egg development in salmonids and generates latitudinal variation in hatch timing (Fitzgerald et al., 2021; Yamamoto et al., 1997). Consequently, body size of YOY in the northern populations may be smaller and more often subject to mortality‐causing high flow events in spring than those in the southern populations, a hypothesis that needs to be tested with broad‐scale studies of early life histories.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial asynchrony and cross‐scale climate interactions in populations of a coldwater stream fish

Valentine,

Lu,

Childress

et al. 2023

Global Change Biology

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Climate change affects populations over broad geographic ranges due to spatially autocorrelated abiotic conditions known as the Moran effect. However, populations do not always respond to broad‐scale environmental changes synchronously across a landscape. We combined multiple datasets for a retrospective analysis of time‐series count data (5–28 annual samples per segment) at 144 stream segments dispersed over nearly 1,000 linear kilometers of range to characterize the population structure and scale of spatial synchrony across the southern native range of a coldwater stream fish (brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis), which is sensitive to stream temperature and flow variations. Spatial synchrony differed by life stage and geographic region: it was stronger in the juvenile life stage than in the adult life stage and in the northern sub‐region than in the southern sub‐region. Spatial synchrony of trout populations extended to 100–200 km but was much weaker than that of climate variables such as temperature, precipitation, and stream flow. Early life stage abundance changed over time due to annual variation in summer temperature and winter and spring stream flow conditions. Climate effects on abundance differed between sub‐regions and among local populations within sub‐regions, indicating multiple cross‐scale interactions where climate interacted with local habitat to generate only a modest pattern of population synchrony over space. Overall, our analysis showed higher degrees of response heterogeneity of local populations to climate variation and consequently population asynchrony than previously shown based on analysis of individual, geographically restricted datasets. This response heterogeneity indicates that certain local segments characterized by population asynchrony and resistance to climate variation could represent unique populations of this iconic native coldwater fish that warrant targeted conservation. Advancing the conservation of this species can include actions that identify such priority populations and incorporate them into landscape‐level conservation planning. Our approach is applicable to other widespread aquatic species sensitive to climate change.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatial asynchrony and cross‐scale climate interactions in populations of a coldwater stream fish

Valentine,

Lu,

Childress

et al. 2023

Global Change Biology

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“…After the establishment of the emergence check, growth often accelerates and therefore subsequent rings are further apart and more translucent (Campana, 2001; Campana & Neilson, 1985). Other work has shown that hatch and emergence times can be inferred in wild salmonids based on otolith microstructure (Fitzgerald et al 2021).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Other work has shown that hatch and emergence times can be inferred in wild salmonids based on otolith microstructure (Fitzgerald et al 2021).…”

Section: Otolith Work and Hatch Datementioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of hatch-time based growth compensation in the early life history of two salmonid fishes

Penney

Keefe

Perry

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Initial body size can indicate quality within-species, with large size increasing the likelihood of survival. However, some populations or individuals may have body size disadvantages due to spatial/temporal differences in temperature, photoperiod, or food availability. Across-populations animals often have locally adapted physiology to compensate for poor environmental influences on development and growth, while within-populations behavioural adjustments that increase food intake after periods of deprivation provide opportunities to catch up (growth compensation). We posit a theoretical extension of growth compensation to include within-population differences related to short growing seasons due to delayed hatch time. We tested the hypothesis that individual fish that hatch later grow faster than those that hatch earlier. The relative magnitude of such a response was compared to growth variation among populations and between related species. We sampled young of the year Arctic charr and brook trout from five rivers in northern Labrador. Daily increments from otoliths were used to back-calculate size to a common age and calculate growth rates. Supporting the hypothesis, older fish were not larger at capture than younger fish, because animals that hatched later grew faster which may indicate age-based growth compensation.

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“…After the establishment of the emergence check, growth often accelerates and therefore subsequent rings are further apart and more translucent (Campana, 2001 ; Campana & Neilson, 1985 ). Other work has shown that hatch and emergence times can be inferred in wild salmonids based on otolith microstructure (Fitzgerald et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evidence of hatch‐time based growth compensation in the early life history of two salmonid fishes

Penney

Keefe

Perry

et al. 2022

Ecology and Evolution

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Initial body size can indicate quality within‐species, with large size increasing the likelihood of survival. However, some populations or individuals may have body size disadvantages due to spatial/temporal differences in temperature, photoperiod, or food. Across‐populations, animals often have locally adapted physiology to compensate for relatively poor environmental influences on development and growth, while within‐population individual behavioral adjustments can increase food intake after periods of deprivation and provide opportunities to catch up (growth compensation). Previous work has shown that growth compensation should include within‐population differences related to short growing seasons due to delayed hatch time. We tested the hypothesis that individual fish that hatch later grow faster than those that hatch earlier. The relative magnitude of such a response was compared with growth variation among populations. We sampled young of the year Arctic charr and brook trout from five rivers in northern Labrador. Daily increments from otoliths were used to back‐calculate size to a common age and calculate growth rates. Supporting the hypothesis, older fish were not larger at capture than younger fish because animals that hatched later grew faster, which may indicate age‐based growth compensation.

show abstract

Hatch timing of two subarctic salmonids in a stream network estimated by otolith increments

Cited by 4 publications

References 47 publications

Spatial asynchrony and cross‐scale climate interactions in populations of a coldwater stream fish

Spatial asynchrony and cross‐scale climate interactions in populations of a coldwater stream fish

Evidence of hatch-time based growth compensation in the early life history of two salmonid fishes

Evidence of hatch‐time based growth compensation in the early life history of two salmonid fishes

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