Despite the flow of foreign direct investment into Africa, there was low human development. Leadership was established as the missing link between high level of globalization in Africa and low economic development. The chapter established the role played by leadership in the relationship between globalization and poverty level in Africa. The chapter postulates that it was time the question of African leadership was directed to the hidden causes of poor leadership behavior instead of the ineffective means of seeking a surface change of leadership style without changing the underlying causes. African leadership mindset was positioned into four quadrants, which accounted for the dark and the bright side of leadership in Africa. Also, it was argued that by changing the African leadership mindset to growth/external mindset, leadership behaviors could be transformed to drive change in structure and management to obtain the gains of globalization.