Has the airway microbiome been overlooked in respiratory disease?

Salami, Olawale; Marsland, Benjamin J.

doi:10.1186/s13073-015-0184-9

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…Considering that there is ample evidence for a role of the more complex microbial ecosystem in pathogenesis of especially chronic respiratory infections and inflammation, this information can also be used to reevaluate diagnostic (139) and therapeutic strategies (322). Infections that are (partially) driven by their biogeographical context can also be targeted from their polymicrobial and environmental perspective.…”

Section: Microbiome As a Targetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial-Host Interactions: Physiology and Pathophysiology of Respiratory Infection

Håkansson

Orihuela

Bogaert

2018

Physiological Reviews

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It has long been thought that respiratory infections are the direct result of acquisition of pathogenic viruses or bacteria, followed by their overgrowth, dissemination, and in some instances tissue invasion. In the last decades, it has become apparent that in contrast to this classical view, the majority of microorganisms associated with respiratory infections and inflammation are actually common members of the respiratory ecosystem and only in rare circumstances do they cause disease. This suggests that a complex interplay between host, environment, and properties of colonizing microorganisms together determines disease development and its severity. To understand the pathophysiological processes that underlie respiratory infectious diseases, it is therefore necessary to understand the host-bacterial interactions occurring at mucosal surfaces, along with the microbes inhabiting them, during symbiosis. Current knowledge regarding host-bacterial interactions during asymptomatic colonization will be discussed, including a plausible role for the human microbiome in maintaining a healthy state. With this as a starting point, we will discuss possible disruptive factors contributing to dysbiosis, which is likely to be a key trigger for pathobionts in the development and pathophysiology of respiratory diseases. Finally, from this renewed perspective, we will reflect on current and potential new approaches for treatment in the future.

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Section: Microbiome As a Targetmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial-Host Interactions: Physiology and Pathophysiology of Respiratory Infection

Håkansson

Orihuela

Bogaert

2018

Physiological Reviews

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“…1. The lungs cannot be viewed as one standard habitat, as they in fact consist of microenvironments in which differences in temperature, pH, mucus production, epithelial specialisation, the motility of the mucociliary escalator, oxygen concentration and nutrient availability all have the potential to influence the variety and type of microorganism present [18,19]. Such physiochemical property gradients may plausibly allow for the survival of different microorganisms within varying regions of the airways.…”

Section: Lung Environmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Microbiome and the Pathophysiology of Asthma

et al. 2016

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Asthma is a chronic respiratory disease whose prevalence is increasing in the western world. Recently research has begun to focus on the role the microbiome plays in asthma pathogenesis in the hope of further understanding this respiratory disorder. Considered sterile until recently, the lungs have revealed themselves to contain a unique microbiota. A shift towards molecular methods for the quantification and sequencing of microbial DNA has revealed that the airways harbour a unique microbiota with apparent, reproducible differences present between healthy and diseased lungs. There is a hope that in classifying the microbial load of the asthmatic airway an insight may be afforded as to the possible role pulmonary microbes may have in propagating an asthmatic airway response. This could potentially pave the way for new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of chronic lung conditions such as asthma.

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“…(40). If dysbiosis prevails, increased susceptibility to airway colonization by certain bacteria or the microbiota may occur, resulting in switching immunity towards the inflammatory immune responses (50).…”

Section: Statistical Methodologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Fecal microbiota profile in atopic asthmatic adult patients

Okba

Saber

Abdel-Rehim

et al. 2018

Eur Ann Allergy Clin Immunol

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Studies proposed a link between gut microbiota and airway tract. Study the diversity and density of gut microbiota in healthy and asthmatic patients. Semi-quantitative stool cultures were performed from fecal samples collected from 80 adult asthmatic patients and 40 healthy individuals. Data on gender, age, dietetic history, clinical examination and investigations as skin prick test and pulmonary function testing were also collected. were found to be higher among patient group than control group. density was statistically higher in patient than control group. No significant difference was detected between male and female patients or controls. were statistically more prevalent in stool culture of male cases than that of male controls. No difference was found between female cases and controls. There was no relationship between type of microbial growth and disease related parameters including age, duration of illness, number of allergens and pulmonary function test in cases. Atopic asthma is significantly associated with gut microbiota and. It is important to determine the organism involved, to focus on microbiome-driven disease and therapies.

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Has the airway microbiome been overlooked in respiratory disease?

Cited by 8 publications

References 10 publications

Bacterial-Host Interactions: Physiology and Pathophysiology of Respiratory Infection

Bacterial-Host Interactions: Physiology and Pathophysiology of Respiratory Infection

The Microbiome and the Pathophysiology of Asthma

Fecal microbiota profile in atopic asthmatic adult patients

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