Harvest selection on multiple traits in the wild revealed by aquatic animal telemetry

Moland, Even; Carlson, Stephanie M.; Villegas‐Ríos, David; Wiig, Jørgen Ree; Olsen, Esben Moland

doi:10.1002/ece3.5224

Cited by 17 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…Total effort remains unknown in the fishery, which is dominated by recreational participants, but trap density has been estimated as high as~50 traps/km 2 during the first week of the season (Kleiven et al 2011). Over the 2-month fishing season, harvest mortality may be as high as 75% (Moland et al 2019). A network of marine protected areas in Skagerrak (the same as studied herein) has demonstrated the usefulness of MPAs in rebuilding local lobster populations (Moland et al 2013).…”

Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Protected areas buffer against harvest selection and rebuild phenotypic complexity

Fernández‐Chacón

Villegas‐Ríos

Moland

et al. 2020

Ecological Applications

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Harvest mortality typically truncates the harvested species' size structure, thereby reducing phenotypic complexity, which can lead to reduced population productivity, increased population variability, and selection on an array of life history traits that can further alter these demographic processes. Marine protected areas (MPAs) are a potential tool to protect older, larger individuals and therefore mitigate such ecological and evolutionary effects of harvest, depending on the degree of connectivity among areas. Such MPA protection relies on a shift in size-dependent mortality, the measurement of which can therefore serve as an early indicator of whether MPAs might achieve the desired longer-term ecological and evolutionary responses. We directly measured MPA effects on size-selective mortality and associated size structure using mark-recapture data on European lobster (Homarus gammarus) collected at three MPA-control area pairs in southern Norway during one decade (n = 5,943). Mark-recapture modeling, accounting for variation in recapture probabilities, revealed (1) that annual mean survival was higher inside MPAs (0.592) vs. control areas (0.298) and (2) that significant negative relationships between survival and body size occurred at the control areas but not in the MPAs, where the effect of body size was predominantly positive. Additionally, we found (3) that mean and maximum body size increased over time inside MPAs but not in control areas. Overall, our results suggest that MPAs can rebuild phenotypic complexity (i.e., size structure) and provide protection from harvest selection.

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Section: Study Speciesmentioning

confidence: 88%

Protected areas buffer against harvest selection and rebuild phenotypic complexity

Fernández‐Chacón

Villegas‐Ríos

Moland

et al. 2020

Ecological Applications

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“…Moreover, relative claw size was found to be the best predictor of male mating success. This trait-large relative claw size-is both under sexual selection in natural states, and subject to harvest selection due to correlated behavioral traits that confer catchability in traps (Moland et al, 2019). Sørdalen et al (2020) later showed that this sexually selected trait is rescued by absence of harvesting in MPAs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, estimations of sexual selection gradients on male traits uncovered selection to be acting strongest on relative claw size (claw size relative to body size), rather than on absolute claw and body size. This trait was later linked to an increased risk of being captured in the fishery (Moland et al, 2019), and the finding that male lobsters have up to 8% larger claws inside MPAs compared to similarly sized males in fished areas (Sørdalen et al, 2020). In sum, these findings strongly suggest that MPAs can be an effective means to preserve functional mating patterns, as well as restore and maintain diversity in sexually selected traits.…”

Section: Mating Patterns and Sexually Selected Traitsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…First, individuals differ in their tendency to move, and therefore to leave the MPA and be exposed to the fishery outside. This idea is now widely recognized as several studies have demonstrated repeatability of movement traits such as dispersal tendency or home range size in several fish and aquatic invertebrates, including cod and lobster (Harrison et al, 2015;Villegas-Ríos et al, 2017b;Moland et al, 2019). Second, individuals with a smaller home range would spend more time under protection and thus increase their fitness, as shown by Villegas-Ríos et al (unpublished).…”

Section: Behavioral Traitsmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Restoration of Abundance and Dynamics of Coastal Fish and Lobster Within Northern Marine Protected Areas Across Two Decades

et al. 2021

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This article reviews a suite of studies conducted in a network of coastal Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) in Skagerrak, Southeast Norway. In 2006, Norway’s first lobster reserves were implemented, with the aim of protecting European lobster (Homarus gammarus) through a ban on fixed gear. A before–after control-impact paired series (BACIPS) monitoring program was initiated to evaluate effects of protection on depleted lobster populations. Experimental trapping and capture-recapture techniques were combined to track demography of populations, also including movement of individuals within and beyond MPAs and adjacent control areas. Further, population genetics and parentage studies were applied, allowing for estimation of gene flow, and novel work on sexual selection in lobsters. Additional studies have evaluated MPA effects on coastal cod (Gadus morhua), and on commercially harvested labrids (Ctenolabrus rupestris and Symphodus melops) and anadromous brown trout (Salmo trutta). Together, these studies reported effects of protection pertaining to increased population density, survival, body size and phenotypic diversity, changes in emigration and interaction with surrounding fisheries, and alteration of selection pressure on morphological- and behavioral traits. Designation of MPAs in close collaboration with fishers and managers, long-term monitoring, inclusion of citizen science and evolving research protocols—also including fisheries data—have revealed novel effects of protection and harvesting on marine populations, thus providing substantial contributions to conservation science. Moreover, knowledge of MPA effects on coastal species has impacted harvest regulations showing the utility of MPAs as empirically documented management tools in Norway.

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“…Traditional crustacean behavior monitoring is mostly based on manual measurement. However, manual monitoring is usually laborious, time-consuming, and ineffective which thus limits its economic benefits [ 5 , 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Automatic Monitoring of Relevant Behaviors for Crustacean Production in Aquaculture: A Review

Liu

Song

et al. 2021

Animals

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Crustacean farming is a fast-growing sector and has contributed to improving incomes. Many studies have focused on how to improve crustacean production. Information about crustacean behavior is important in this respect. Manual methods of detecting crustacean behavior are usually infectible, time-consuming, and imprecise. Therefore, automatic growth situation monitoring according to changes in behavior has gained more attention, including acoustic technology, machine vision, and sensors. This article reviews the development of these automatic behavior monitoring methods over the past three decades and summarizes their domains of application, as well as their advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, the challenges of individual sensitivity and aquaculture environment for future research on the behavior of crustaceans are also highlighted. Studies show that feeding behavior, movement rhythms, and reproduction behavior are the three most important behaviors of crustaceans, and the applications of information technology such as advanced machine vision technology have great significance to accelerate the development of new means and techniques for more effective automatic monitoring. However, the accuracy and intelligence still need to be improved to meet intensive aquaculture requirements. Our purpose is to provide researchers and practitioners with a better understanding of the state of the art of automatic monitoring of crustacean behaviors, pursuant of supporting the implementation of smart crustacean farming applications.

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Harvest selection on multiple traits in the wild revealed by aquatic animal telemetry

Cited by 17 publications

References 69 publications

Protected areas buffer against harvest selection and rebuild phenotypic complexity

Protected areas buffer against harvest selection and rebuild phenotypic complexity

Restoration of Abundance and Dynamics of Coastal Fish and Lobster Within Northern Marine Protected Areas Across Two Decades

Automatic Monitoring of Relevant Behaviors for Crustacean Production in Aquaculture: A Review

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