“…Development of new efficient photocatalysts addressed to environmentally friendly processes, aiming at the elimination of organic pollutants and transformations of waste is still an emerging issue ( Yang et al, 2021a ; Shurbaji et al, 2021 ; Zhang Y. et al, 2022 ; De Ilurdoz et al, 2022 ; Balakrishnan et al, 2023 ; Li et al, 2023 ; Lanjwani et al, 2024 ; Vinayagam et al, 2024 ). Environmentally friendly semiconductors, such as TiO 2 , ZnO, Nb 2 O 5 , are efficient heterogeneous photocatalysts ( Lang et al, 2014 ; Ani et al, 2018 ; Anwer et al, 2019 ; Wetchakun et al, 2019 ; Jiang et al, 2020 ; Zhao et al, 2020 ).…”