Harnessing Oxidative Microenvironment for <i>In Vivo</i> Synthesis of Subcellular Conductive Polymer Microesicles Enhances Nerve Reconstruction

Qin, Yinhua; Fan, Yonghong; Chen, Ruyue; Yin, Hao; Zeng, Hao; Qu, Xiaohang; Tan, Ju; Xu, Youqian; Zhu, Chuhong

doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.2c01123

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…This discovery has led to the creation of biohybrid plants with electronic roots , because of the in vivo enzymatic polymerization of conductive polymers. In further pursuits, Xu, Zhu and co-workers demonstrated the first in vivo enzymatic polymerization of polyaniline in rat models. In this study, aniline monomers were introduced in vivo at a crush injury site of the sciatic nerve in adult male Sprague–Dawley rats.…”

Section: Synthetic Coupling Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradable π-Conjugated Polymers

Uva,

Michailovich,

Hsu

et al. 2024

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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The integration of next-generation electronics into society is rapidly reshaping our daily interactions and lifestyles, revolutionizing communication and engagement with the world. Future electronics promise stimuli-responsive features and enhanced biocompatibility, such as skin-like health monitors and sensors embedded in food packaging, transforming healthcare and reducing food waste. Imparting degradability may reduce the adverse environmental impact of next-generation electronics and lead to opportunities for environmental and health monitoring. While advancements have been made in producing degradable materials for encapsulants, substrates, and dielectrics, the availability of degradable conducting and semiconducting materials remains restricted. π-Conjugated polymers are promising candidates for the development of degradable conductors or semiconductors due to the ability to tune their stimuli-responsiveness, biocompatibility, and mechanical durability. This perspective highlights three design considerations: the selection of π-conjugated monomers, synthetic coupling strategies, and degradation of π-conjugated polymers, for generating π-conjugated materials for degradable electronics. We describe the current challenges with monomeric design and present options to circumvent these issues by highlighting biobased π-conjugated compounds with known degradation pathways and stable monomers that allow for chemically recyclable polymers. Next, we present coupling strategies that are compatible for the synthesis of degradable π-conjugated polymers, including direct arylation polymerization and enzymatic polymerization. Lastly, we discuss various modes of depolymerization and characterization techniques to enhance our comprehension of potential degradation byproducts formed during polymer cleavage. Our perspective considers these three design parameters in parallel rather than independently while having a targeted application in mind to accelerate the discovery of next-generation high-performance πconjugated polymers for degradable organic electronics.

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Section: Synthetic Coupling Strategiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Degradable π-Conjugated Polymers

Uva,

Michailovich,

Hsu

et al. 2024

J. Am. Chem. Soc.

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“…These cells have a fundamental role in wound healing by their polarization [134,135] and are also critical elements in the inflammation phase. Generally, there are two types of polarized macrophages: M1, or classically activated macrophage, and M2, or activated macrophage [136], which play an essential role in repairing wounds. In normal wounds, M1 macrophages convert to M2 ones, but this process is impaired in diabetic wounds due to angiogenesis and collagen decreasing during wound closure [137].…”

Section: Macrophages Changes After Plasma Treatmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma: A Growing Paradigm in Diabetic Wound Healing—Mechanism and Clinical Significance

Barjasteh,

Kaushik,

Choi

et al. 2023

IJMS

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Diabetes is one of the most significant causes of death all over the world. This illness, due to abnormal blood glucose levels, leads to impaired wound healing and, as a result, foot ulcers. These ulcers cannot heal quickly in diabetic patients and may finally result in amputation. In recent years, different research has been conducted to heal diabetic foot ulcers: one of them is using cold atmospheric pressure plasma. Nowadays, cold atmospheric pressure plasma is highly regarded in medicine because of its positive effects and lack of side effects. These conditions have caused plasma to be considered a promising technology in medicine and especially diabetic wound healing because studies show that it can heal chronic wounds that are resistant to standard treatments. The positive effects of plasma are due to different reactive species, UV radiation, and electromagnetic fields. This work reviews ongoing cold atmospheric pressure plasma improvements in diabetic wound healing. It shows that plasma can be a promising tool in treating chronic wounds, including ones resulting from diabetes.

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“…A new approach to tackle this problem is by genetically programing specific cells within intact biological systems to build artificial structures with desired form and function in situ. It had previously been shown that conductive polymers can be directly synthesized on cells in living tissue with electrochemical polymerization 3 , or in organisms and tissues with native oxidative environments [4][5][6] or oxidative enzymes 7 . However, none of these approaches enabled the critical goal of cellular specificity.…”

Section: Mainmentioning

confidence: 99%

In situ genetically targeted chemical assembly of polymers on living neuronal membranes

Zhang

Loh

Kadur

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Multicellular biological systems, most notably living neural networks, exhibit highly complex physical organization properties that pose challenges for building cell-specific and biocompatible interfaces. We developed a novel approach to genetically program cells to chemically assemble artificial structures that modify the electrical properties of neurons in situ, opening up the possibility of minimally-invasive cell-specific interfaces with neural circuits in living animals. However, the efficiency and biocompatibility of this approach were challenged by limited membrane targeting of the constructed material. Here, we report a method with significantly improved molecular construct properties, which expresses highly localized enzymes targeted to the plasma membrane of primary neurons with minimal intracellular retention. Polymers synthesized in situ by this approach form dense clusters on the targeted cell membrane, and neurons remain viable after polymerization. This platform can be readily extended to incorporate a broad range of materials onto the surface membranes of specific cells within complex tissues, using chemistry that may further enable the next generation of interfaces with living biological systems.

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Harnessing Oxidative Microenvironment for In Vivo Synthesis of Subcellular Conductive Polymer Microesicles Enhances Nerve Reconstruction

Cited by 9 publications

References 32 publications

Degradable π-Conjugated Polymers

Degradable π-Conjugated Polymers

Cold Atmospheric Pressure Plasma: A Growing Paradigm in Diabetic Wound Healing—Mechanism and Clinical Significance

In situ genetically targeted chemical assembly of polymers on living neuronal membranes

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