Harnessing EV communication to restore antitumor immunity

Massaro, Crescenzo; Wei, Min; Pegtel, D. Michiel; Baglio, S. Rubina

doi:10.1016/j.addr.2021.113838

Cited by 8 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 114 publications

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“…EVs, as an essential material information exchange carrier in the tumor microenvironment, can also play a double-edged sword role. It is undeniable that EVs released by DCs and genetically engineered T cells expressing chimeric antigen receptor (CAT) play an emerging role in tumor immunotherapy [ 156 ]. However, EV PD-L1 or EV carrying another immune checkpoint such as LGALS9 can play a negative role in tumor immunity [ 157 ].…”

Section: Potential Application Of Ev Pd-l1 In Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular vesicle PD-L1 in reshaping tumor immune microenvironment: biological function and potential therapy strategies

et al. 2022

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Programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) is the ligand for programmed death protein-1 (PD-1), is associated with immunosuppression. Signaling via PD-1/PD-L1 will transmits negative regulatory signals to T cells, inducing T-cell inhibition, reducing CD8+ T-cell proliferation, or promoting T-cell apoptosis, which effectively reduces the immune response and leads to large-scale tumor growth. Accordingly, many antibody preparations targeting PD-1 or PD-L1 have been designed to block the binding of these two proteins and restore T-cell proliferation and cytotoxicity of T cells. However, these drugs are ineffective in clinical practice. Recently, numerous of studies have shown that, in addition to the surface of tumor cells, PD-L1 is also found on the surface of extracellular vesicles secreted by these cells. Extracellular vesicle PD-L1 can also interact with PD-1 on the surface of T cells, leading to immunosuppression, and has been proposed as a potential mechanism underlying PD-1/PD-L1-targeted drug resistance. Therefore, it is important to explore the production, regulation and tumor immunosuppression of PD-L1 on the surface of tumor cells and extracellular vesicles, as well as the potential clinical application of extracellular vesicle PD-L1 as tumor biomarkers and therapeutic targets.

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Section: Potential Application Of Ev Pd-l1 In Tumorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extracellular vesicle PD-L1 in reshaping tumor immune microenvironment: biological function and potential therapy strategies

et al. 2022

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“…Because EVs also play an important role in tumor immune regulation, it is unknown, for instance, whether vesicles that stimulate tumor release will cause the balance between pro-tumor and anti-tumor cells to tip in one direction. 40 EVs are believed to have potential therapeutic value in a variety of diseases, and the use of EVs released by ultrasound stimulation may enhance the therapeutic effect.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Release of extracellular vesicles triggered by low-intensity pulsed ultrasound: immediate and delayed reactions

Zheng,

Liu,

et al. 2024

Nanoscale

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“…The levels of these EVs in the sera are correlated with the severity of chronic hepatitis, fatty liver, etc. In the case of therapeutic interventions, the ability of immune cell-derived EVs to kill tumors is unstable and depends on the state and concentration of the extract ( 145 ). Various strategies are used to improve the treatment and reduce the side effects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Immune Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles – New Strategies in Cancer Immunotherapy

et al. 2021

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Immune cell-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have increasingly become the focus of research due to their unique characteristics and bioinspired applications. They are lipid bilayer membrane nanosized vesicles harboring a range of immune cell-derived surface receptors and effector molecules from parental cells. Immune cell-derived EVs are important mediators of intercellular communication that regulate specific mechanisms of adaptive and innate immune responses. However, the mechanisms underlying the antitumor effects of EVs are still being explored. Importantly, immune cell-derived EVs have some unique features, including accessibility, storage, ability to pass through blood-brain and blood-tumor barriers, and loading of various effector molecules. Immune cell-derived EVs have been directly applied or engineered as potent antitumor vaccines or for the diagnosis of clinical diseases. More research applications involving genetic engineering, membrane engineering, and cargo delivery strategies have improved the treatment efficacy of EVs. Immune cell-derived EV-based therapies are expected to become a separate technique or to complement immunotherapy, radiotherapy, chemotherapy and other therapeutic modalities. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the characteristics and functions of immune cell-derived EVs derived from adaptive (CD4+ T, CD8+ T and B cells) and innate immune cells (macrophages, NK cells, DCs, and neutrophils) and discuss emerging therapeutic opportunities and prospects in cancer treatment.

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Harnessing EV communication to restore antitumor immunity

Cited by 8 publications

References 114 publications

Extracellular vesicle PD-L1 in reshaping tumor immune microenvironment: biological function and potential therapy strategies

Extracellular vesicle PD-L1 in reshaping tumor immune microenvironment: biological function and potential therapy strategies

Release of extracellular vesicles triggered by low-intensity pulsed ultrasound: immediate and delayed reactions

Immune Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles – New Strategies in Cancer Immunotherapy

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