Harness the functions of gut microbiome in tumorigenesis for cancer treatment

Lee, Mong‐Hong

doi:10.1002/cac2.12200

Cited by 27 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 268 publications

(402 reference statements)

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“…Microbial pathogens cause tumorigenesis in a high percentage of about 20% of cancers [63,64]. Microbial dysbiosis is thought to contribute to epithelial barrier damage as well as reprogram immune and metabolic signaling, in-cluding other factors such as inflammation, regulation of cell proliferation and apoptosis, promoting genome instability, and affecting cell stability [65].…”

Section: E Faecalis Positive Av and Hpv In The Vaginal Floramentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Based on the genome and whole transcript sequencing studies examined in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) for microbial readings, unique microbial signatures in tissue and blood have been found in many cancer types and therefore an oncological diagnostic tool based on microbiome and it becomes clear that there is a link between different types of cancer and specific microflora [63].…”

Section: E Faecalis Positive Av and Hpv In The Vaginal Floramentioning

confidence: 99%

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Aerobic Vaginitis: is Enterococcus faecalis Another Risk Factor in the Progression of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia to Cervical Cancer—Literature Review

Jahic¹,

Cerovac²

2022

Clin. Exp. Obstet. Gynecol.

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Objective: The aim of our review article is to show Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) as a risk factor of cervical cancer. Mechanism: Aerobic vaginitis (AV) is the absence of a balance of vaginal flora containing aerobic and intestinal pathogens, varying degrees of vaginal inflammation and immature epithelial cells. The causes of AV responsible for inflammatory changes are: E. faecalis, Esherichia coli, group B streptococcus and Staphylococcus aureus. The pathogenic effect of aerobic microorganisms such as E. faecalis shows that it causes spontaneous abortion, premature birth, puerperal sepsis, abscesses, and urinary tract infections. Findings in Brief: AV caused by E. faecalis is more common in low-grade and high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) than in women with a normal Pap test and is thought to contribute to the progression of cervical cancer. E. faecalis produces hydrogen superoxide which causes chromosomal instability in intestinal epithelial cell infection, which is considered a key factor in the carcinogenic process. The presence of the Human papilloma virus (HPV) 16 gene and genome in E. faecalis in cervical cancer biopsy material leads to a specific link that may be a risk factor in the progression of CIN toward cancer. The presence of HPV in this bacteria can lead to persistent HPV infection, CIN development and progression to cervical cancer. Conclusions: Increased vaginal pH, lactobacilli deficiency, and the ability of E. faecalis to contain HPV-16 in episomal form in E. faecalis-induced AV could be key promoters of persistence and proliferation of cervical HPV as a risk factor in development of CIN and cervical cancer.

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Section: E Faecalis Positive Av and Hpv In The Vaginal Floramentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: E Faecalis Positive Av and Hpv In The Vaginal Floramentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic Vaginitis: is Enterococcus faecalis Another Risk Factor in the Progression of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia to Cervical Cancer—Literature Review

Jahic¹,

Cerovac²

2022

Clin. Exp. Obstet. Gynecol.

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“…The interactions between microbes and host cells are essential for the local and systemic health and the regulation of many physiological functions ( 20 ). Importantly, the gut microbiota can also systematically influence the metabolism, immunity and homeostasis of host to affect cancer development and treatment response ( 22 ) ( Figure 1 ). The subtle and well-managed balance of system functions result from the delicate interactions between the host and gut symbionts, such as energy balance, metabolism, inflammation and immunity.…”

Section: Gut Microbiota and Human Healthmentioning

confidence: 99%

The impact of the microbiome in cancer: Targeting metabolism of cancer cells and host

Huang

Mao

2022

Front. Oncol.

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Abnormal metabolic alterations of cancer cells and the host play critical roles in the occurrence and development of tumors. Targeting cancer cells and host metabolism can provide novel diagnosis indicators and intervention targets for tumors. In recent years, it has been found that gut microbiota is involved in the metabolism of the host and cancer cells. Increasingly, gut microbiome and their metabolites have been demonstrated great influence on the tumor formation, prognosis and treatment. Specific gut microbial composition and metabolites are associated with the status of tumor in the host. Interventions on the gut microbiota can exert the protective effects on the tumor, through the manipulation of structure and its related metabolites. This may be the new approach to improve the efficacy of tumor prevention and treatment. Here, we discuss the effects and the underlying mechanisms of gut microbiota and microbial-derived metabolites in tumor progression and treatment.

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“…Gut microbiota is related to cancer and the effect of ICPIs, and supplement with specific bacterial species can restore or enhance the responses to the ICIs [54]. T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein-3 (Tim-3) are immune checkpoint molecules and targets for anti-cancer therapy [55]. These interactions show in various ways including signaling relay, metabolism, immunity, tumor development, genetic instability, and sensitivity to cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy [55].…”

Section: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-containing protein-3 (Tim-3) are immune checkpoint molecules and targets for anti-cancer therapy [55]. These interactions show in various ways including signaling relay, metabolism, immunity, tumor development, genetic instability, and sensitivity to cancer chemotherapy and immunotherapy [55].…”

Section: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Horizon on Gut Microbiome and Cancers: Recent Information on Pathogenesis and Treatment

Fukui¹

2022

AJIM

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An increasing number of studies have suggested that gut microbiota is closely related to tumor pathogenesis and their treatments. Among cancers, there have been many reports concerning gut microbiome and colon cancer (CRC), where microbial dysbiosis with depressing the population of "benign microbes" and increasing "harmful microbes" can lead to chronic enterocolitis and cancer development with progression. In addition, gut dysbiosis may change the metabolism of bile acids promoting CRC, which would offer a potential preventive therapeutic change in CRC by regulating gut microbiome and bile acid metabolism. Recently, SARS-CoV-2 impacts the gut microbiota, and the effects will have on CRC carcinogenesis. Obesity is estimated as an important factor that increases the risk of CRC. There has been accumulating evidence that the modulation of the gut microbiota composition by probiotics, prebiotics, and diets protects patients with CRC. Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as the third leading cause of worldwide cancer mortality. Development of HCC in cirrhotic patients is related to changes in intestinal microbiome, including an escalation of dysbiosis and reduced bacterial richness. The species richness of fecal microbiota of hepatitis B-HCC patients was much high. The alterations of fecal microbiome may affect the process of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori)-related progression of gastric lesion. Patients with gastric cancer have distinct microbiome in the stomach with lower biodiversity. Some bacteria from gastric microbiome are potentially carcinogenic as they are changed in gastric cancer. Patients with pancreas cancer and cholangiocarcinoma have also been related to gut dysbiosis. Other malignancies outside the gut like breast cancer (BC) might be related to gut microbiome as they might affect through metabolic, neural, and endocrine signal and immune function in the occurrence and progression of BC. Finally, cancer cachexia might be also associated with gut dysbiosis as it is closely related to bile acids (BA) metabolism regulation. The effects and side effects by variable cancer therapies such as chemotherapy, radiotherapy and also immunotherapy may be reconsidered from gut microbiome.

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Harness the functions of gut microbiome in tumorigenesis for cancer treatment

Cited by 27 publications

References 268 publications

Aerobic Vaginitis: is Enterococcus faecalis Another Risk Factor in the Progression of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia to Cervical Cancer—Literature Review

Aerobic Vaginitis: is Enterococcus faecalis Another Risk Factor in the Progression of Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia to Cervical Cancer—Literature Review

The impact of the microbiome in cancer: Targeting metabolism of cancer cells and host

New Horizon on Gut Microbiome and Cancers: Recent Information on Pathogenesis and Treatment

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