Harmonization ratio of post- to pre-anthesis durations by thermal times for durum wheat cultivars in a Mediterranean environment

2019

Sci Rep

Designing crop ideotypes in silico is a powerful tool to explore the crop yield potential and yield gap. We defined yield gap as the difference between yield potential of a crop ideotype optimized under local environment and yield of an existing cultivar under optimal management. Wheat ideotypes were designed for the current climate using the Sirius model for both water-limited and irrigated conditions in two high wheat-productive countries viz. the United Kingdom (UK) and New Zealand (NZ) with the objective of estimating yield gap. The mean ideotype yields of 15.0–19.0 t ha −1 were achieved in water-limited conditions in the UK and NZ, whereas 15.6–19.5 t ha −1 under irrigated conditions. Substantial yield gaps were found in both water-limited, 28–31% (4–6 t ha −1 ), and irrigated conditions, 30–32% (5–6 t ha −1 ) in the UK and NZ. Both yield potential (25–27%) and yield gap (32–38%) were greater in NZ than the UK. Ideotype design is generic and could apply globally for estimating yield gap. Despite wheat breeding efforts, the considerable yield gap still potentially exists in high productive countries such as the UK and NZ. To accelerate breeding, wheat ideotypes can provide the key traits for wheat improvement and closing the yield gap.

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessing yield gap in high productive countries by designing wheat ideotypes

Senapati

2019

Sci Rep

“…As mentioned in “ Designing wheat ideotypes ”, the local winter wheat cv . Claire was used as a parent in our study, and the parameter ranges were based on model calibrations for existing modern wheat cultivars, allowing variations corresponding to the existing wheat germplasm ( Table 3 ) ( Akkaya et al, 2006 ; Kosner and Zurkova, 1996 ; Manschadi et al, 2006 ; Mosaad et al, 1995 ; Semenov and Halford, 2009 ; Shearman et al, 2005 ). Then for each candidate, yields were simulated for 100 years of future climate scenario.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Raising genetic yield potential in high productive countries: Designing wheat ideotypes under climate change

Senapati

Brown

Agricultural and Forest Meteorology

2019

Graphical abstract Study sites and simulated grain yield of local winter wheat cv . Claire in the baseline- ( CL Base ) and 2050-climate ( HadGEM2 , RCP8.5 ) ( CL 2050 ), and wheat ideotypes designed for raising genetic yield potentials under 2050-climate in water-limited ( IW 2050 ) and potential ( IP 2050 ) conditions. The box plots show the 5-, 25-, 50-, 75- and 95-percentiles including mean. UK: ED - Edinburgh, LE- Leeds, RR-Rothamsted; NZ: GO-Gore, LI-Lincoln, PU-Pukekohe.

“…Modifying the duration of crop growth cycle and its timing in relation to seasonal variations of solar radiation and water availability may have significant effects on yield (Akkaya et al. ; Richards ). An optimal flowering time has been the single most important factor to maximize yield in dry environments (Richards ) and past increases in wheat yield have been associated with shortening of the duration of vegetative development phases (Calderini et al.…”

Section: Designing High‐yielding Wheat Ideotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Designing high‐yielding wheat ideotypes for a changing climate

Food and Energy Security

Stratonovitch

2013

Global warming is characterized by shifts in weather patterns and increases in climatic variability and extreme events. New wheat cultivars will be required for a rapidly changing environment, putting severe pressure on breeders who must select for climate conditions which can only be predicted with a great degree of uncertainty. To assist breeders to identify key wheat traits for improvements under climate change, wheat ideotypes can be designed and tested in silico using a wheat simulation model for a wide range of future climate scenarios predicted by global climate models. A wheat ideotype is represented by a set of cultivar parameters in a model, which could be optimized for best wheat performance under projected climate change. As an example, high-yielding wheat ideotypes were designed at two contrasting European sites for the 2050 (A1B) climate scenario. Simulations showed that wheat yield potential can be substantially increased for new ideotypes compared with current wheat varieties under climate change. The main factors contributing to yield increase were improvement in light conversion efficiency, extended duration of grain filling resulting in a higher harvest index, and optimal phenology.