Harmonization of Bordetella pertussis Real-Time PCR Diagnostics in the United States in 2012

Williams, Margaret M.; Taylor, Thomas H.; Warshauer, David M.; Martin, Monte D.; Valley, Ann; Tondella, M. Lucia

doi:10.1128/jcm.02368-14

Cited by 26 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(24 reference statements)

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“…According to this report, 94%-96% of the laboratories use IS481 as the main genomic target, and 76%-86% use a multitarget strategy to detect B pertussis. 35 In numerous countries, PCR positivity is now included as part of the diagnostic criteria and case definitions. 5,22 In Mexico, reporting pertussis is mandatory, a positive PCR result is now included as a criterion for confirming the disease, 5 and the network of public health laboratories has adopted a multitarget PCR strategy.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction–Based Detection of Bordetella pertussis in Mexican Infants and Their Contacts: A 3-Year Multicenter Study

Aquino-Andrade

Martínez-Leyva

Mérida-Vieyra

et al. 2017

The Journal of Pediatrics

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction–Based Detection of Bordetella pertussis in Mexican Infants and Their Contacts: A 3-Year Multicenter Study

Aquino-Andrade

Martínez-Leyva

Mérida-Vieyra

et al. 2017

The Journal of Pediatrics

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“…Distribution of a panel of DNA samples of B. pertussis, B. parapertussis, and B. holmesii among national reference laboratories in 25 European countries revealed that several laboratories were unable to discriminate between DNAs from different bordetellae and that several of the assays used lacked sufficient sensitivity (159). A recent performance exercise among U.S. public health laboratories showed that 79% differentiated B. pertussis and B. holmesii and 72% identified B. parapertussis (160). In a recent study, correct Bordetella species identification was evaluated between U.S. commercial laboratories and the CDC.…”

Section: Pcr Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Diagnosis of Pertussis

2015

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SUMMARYThe introduction of vaccination in the 1950s significantly reduced the morbidity and mortality of pertussis. However, since the 1990s, a resurgence of pertussis has been observed in vaccinated populations, and a number of causes have been proposed for this phenomenon, including improved diagnostics, increased awareness, waning immunity, and pathogen adaptation. The resurgence of pertussis highlights the importance of standardized, sensitive, and specific laboratory diagnoses, the lack of which is responsible for the large differences in pertussis notifications between countries. Accurate laboratory diagnosis is also important for distinguishing between the several etiologic agents of pertussis-like diseases, which involve both viruses and bacteria. If pertussis is diagnosed in a timely manner, antibiotic treatment of the patient can mitigate the symptoms and prevent transmission. During an outbreak, timely diagnosis of pertussis allows prophylactic treatment of infants too young to be (fully) vaccinated, for whom pertussis is a severe, sometimes fatal disease. Finally, reliable diagnosis of pertussis is required to reveal trends in the (age-specific) disease incidence, which may point to changes in vaccine efficacy, waning immunity, and the emergence of vaccine-adapted strains. Here we review current approaches to the diagnosis of pertussis and discuss their limitations and strengths. In particular, we emphasize that the optimal diagnostic procedure depends on the stage of the disease, the age of the patient, and the vaccination status of the patient.

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“…Cocirculation and coinfection have been reported with no discernible difference in symptomology between etiologies (23)(24)(25)(26)(27)(28). It is unclear whether increased detection of B. holmesii or B. parapertussis respiratory infection results from recent genetic changes or, rather, heightened awareness and improved diagnostics (24,29,30). Nonetheless, many diagnostic PCR assays cannot differentiate B. pertussis and B. holmesii, and retrospective testing of specimens sometimes reveals misdiagnosed cases of B. holmesii (26,27,(31)(32)(33).…”

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confidence: 99%

Conserved Patterns of Symmetric Inversion in the Genome Evolution of Bordetella Respiratory Pathogens

et al. 2019

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Whooping cough (pertussis), primarily caused by Bordetella pertussis, has resurged in the United States, and circulating strains exhibit considerable chromosome structural fluidity in the form of rearrangement and deletion. The genus Bordetella includes additional pathogenic species infecting various animals, some even causing pertussis-like respiratory disease in humans; however, investigation of their genome evolution has been limited. We studied chromosome structure in complete genome sequences from 167 Bordetella species isolates, as well as 469 B. pertussis isolates, to gain a generalized understanding of rearrangement patterns among these related pathogens. Observed changes in gene order primarily resulted from large inversions and were only detected in species with genomes harboring multicopy insertion sequence (IS) elements, most notably B. holmesii and B. parapertussis. While genomes of B. pertussis contain >240 copies of IS481, IS elements appear less numerous in other species and yield less chromosome structural diversity through rearrangement. These data were further used to predict all possible rearrangements between IS element copies present in Bordetella genomes, revealing that only a subset is observed among circulating strains. Therefore, while it appears that rearrangement occurs less frequently in other species than in B. pertussis, these clinically relevant respiratory pathogens likely experience similar mutation of gene order. The resulting chromosome structural fluidity presents both challenges and opportunity for the study of Bordetella respiratory pathogens. IMPORTANCE Bordetella pertussis is the primary agent of whooping cough (pertussis). The Bordetella genus includes additional pathogens of animals and humans, including some that cause pertussis-like respiratory illness. The chromosome of B. pertussis has previously been shown to exhibit considerable structural rearrangement, but insufficient data have prevented comparable investigation in related species. In this study, we analyze chromosome structure variation in several Bordetella species to gain a generalized understanding of rearrangement patterns in this genus. Just as in B. pertussis, we observed inversions in other species that likely result from common mutational processes. We used these data to further predict additional, unobserved inversions, suggesting that specific genome structures may be preferred in each species.

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Harmonization of Bordetella pertussis Real-Time PCR Diagnostics in the United States in 2012

Cited by 26 publications

References 13 publications

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction–Based Detection of Bordetella pertussis in Mexican Infants and Their Contacts: A 3-Year Multicenter Study

Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction–Based Detection of Bordetella pertussis in Mexican Infants and Their Contacts: A 3-Year Multicenter Study

Laboratory Diagnosis of Pertussis

Conserved Patterns of Symmetric Inversion in the Genome Evolution of Bordetella Respiratory Pathogens

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