Harmonic Mean Measure of Animal Activity Areas

Dixon, Kenneth R.; Chapman, Joseph A.

doi:10.2307/1936821

Cited by 490 publications

(280 citation statements)

References 18 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Because none of the current measures of the home range size is free of problems (e.g. Harris et al 1990) and also to make possible comparisons with past and future studies, four methods were used to calculate home range size: harmonic mean (Dixon and Chapman 1980;with Spencer and Barrett 1984 modification); kernel analysis (Worton 1989); minimum convex polygon (Hayne 1949), both including all the locations and excluding the 5% of active fixes farthest from the harmonic centre; and grid method (Voigt and Tinline 1980). Based on the accuracy of fixes, a square size of 0.39 ha was used.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home range, habitat selection and activity of the red fox in a Mediterranean coastal ecotone

Cavallini¹,

Lovari²

1994

Acta Theriol.

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Home range, habitat selection and activity of the red fox in a Mediterranean coastal ecotone Paolo CAVALLINI and Sandro LOVARI* Cavallini P. and Lovari S. 1994. Home range, habitat selection and activity of the red fox in a Mediterranean coastal ecotone. Acta theriol. 39: 279-287.Ranging behaviour and activity of five (2 females, 3 males) red foxes Vulpes vulpes (Linnaeus, 1758) in the Mediterranean coastal area of Maremma Natural Park (central Italy; an area of great habitat diversity) are described. One female ranged over a very small area and had diurnal activity rhythms. For other foxes, home range size (100% minimum convex polygon) varied between 86 and 485 ha (larger than fox ranges in urban areas and smaller than in northern or homogeneous areas), and core areas (50% harmonic mean) between 4.0 and 13.7 ha. Habitat diversity within home ranges was significantly higher than that of the overall area. Within their home ranges, foxes selected scrubwood for resting. When active, they showed individual differences in habitat selection. Peak activity was between 20.00 h and 22.00 h, but foxes were active also during the day.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Home range, habitat selection and activity of the red fox in a Mediterranean coastal ecotone

Cavallini¹,

Lovari²

1994

Acta Theriol.

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“…Contouring of the catch data was achieved with the algorithm presented by Dixon and Chapman (1980). However, a threedimensional view was effected by plotting the x coordinate after adding to the x coordinate the corresponding y coordinate multiplied by a fixed scaling value (0.6) and plotting the y coordinate by multiplying the y coordinate by a fixed scaling value (0.45).…”

Section: E T H O D S a N D M A T E R I A L Smentioning

confidence: 99%

Orientation of bark beetlesPityogenes chalcographus andIps typographus to pheromonebaited puddle traps placed in grids: A new trap for control of scolytids

Byers

1993

J Chem Ecol

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Abstract--A puddle trap was designed that is simple to build and efficient in catching bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae). The trap is insensitive to wind and should be much easier to manufacture than the more complicated perforated pipe and barrier traps commercially available. A 7 • 7 grid of 49 puddle traps baited with aggregation pheromone components of Pityogenes chalcographus (chalcogran and methyl decadienoate) was placed at either 1.5-, 3-, 6-, or 12-m spacing between traps in the field for two or more replicates of one day length (June 1989, Torsby, Sweden). The resulting catches showed that beetles were trapped as they flew into the grid since the inner square-ring of 24 traps caught less beetles per trap than the outer square-ring trap average (36 traps) in most experiments, lps typographus also landed in puddle traps primarily on the periphery of the grid (6-m spacing only) when traps were baited with its pheromone components, (S)-cis-verbenol and methyl butenol.Computer simulation of flying bark beetles in grids of traps of various spacings and catch radii estimated that the experimental pheromone traps had an effective catch radius of 1.3 m or less for P. chalcographus, depending on the spacing between traps. An effective catch radius of 2 m for L typographus was found for the 6-m grid spacing. P. chalcographus beetles were increasingly disrupted in their orientation to pheromone at the closer trap spacings since the effective catch radius declined linearly with closer trap spacing. However, landing was still precise since unbaited puddle traps within the grid did not catch any bark beetles.

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“…Geometric mean will lead bad result if one special keyword has significant weight and others are very small. Here we use theHarmonic Mean [10]. Harmonic mean can avoid this imbalance weight problem.…”

Section: Online Multi-abstract Map-search Algorithm Based On Sub-regimentioning

confidence: 99%

Online Multi-keywords Map-search Algorithm Based on Sub-region Method

Yu¹,

Sun²,

Zhu³

et al. 2015

Advances in Computer Science Research

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Abstract. Nowadays, the map-search technology is frequently used by people. However, present map-search service can hardlysatisfy people's growing demands. Providing multiplex service support in search service, such as intuitive search results and multi-keywords search, has become a research focus. This paperproposes a novel online multi-keywords map-search algorithm based on sub-region method. This algorithm makes up a graph of separate nodes and transfers the weight of keyword totheir adjacent nodes. When searching for sub-graph of a single keyword, it finds the node with the max weight then tries to accept or rejectits neighbors step by step. Duringthe search ofsub-graphs of multi-keywords, we must find the node with the max harmonic mean weight and union all the sub-graphs of single keyword it belongs to. This algorithm, based on sub-region method, can search multi-keywords in practical map-search experiments, and return several best resultsat the same time.

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Harmonic Mean Measure of Animal Activity Areas

Cited by 490 publications

References 18 publications

Home range, habitat selection and activity of the red fox in a Mediterranean coastal ecotone

Home range, habitat selection and activity of the red fox in a Mediterranean coastal ecotone

Orientation of bark beetlesPityogenes chalcographus andIps typographus to pheromonebaited puddle traps placed in grids: A new trap for control of scolytids

Online Multi-keywords Map-search Algorithm Based on Sub-region Method

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