Hardening of the Chorion of Salmon Egg

Kusa, Mamoru

doi:10.1508/cytologia.15.131

Cited by 15 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…In fish eggs, some reactions or factors such as oxidation of sulfhydryl groups in chorion proteins (20, 21 ), 'hardening enzyme' (35), cortical alveolar substance and mucopolysaccharides (1 9), and some environmental factors such as pH and temperature (8) and/or Ca2+ (13,14,20) are reported to be related with hardening of the egg envelope (chorion).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Hardening of the Egg Envelope (Chorion) of the Fish, Oryzias latipes

1991

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Hardening of the chorion of medaka eggs was quantitated in terms of the solubility of its constituent proteins. After activation of unfertilized eggs with the Ca*+-ionophore A231 87, hardening of chorion (named 'ionophore-activation hardening') proceeded and 60 min after activation the solubility of the proteins in 1 N NaOH had decreased to 20% of that of proteins of unhardened chorions. On SDS-PAGE, the chorions of unfertilized eggs gave four major protein bands (150, 83, 78 and 51 K). After Ca2+-ionophore activation, new two protein bands (135 and 61 K) appeared, with concurrent disappearance of all the original bands except the 51 K band. Isolated chorions of unfertilized eggs were also hardened by Ca2+ and 60 min after addition of Ca2+ the solubility of their proteins in 1 N NaOH had decreased to about 45% of that originally. During this type of hardening (named 'Ca2+-hardening'), however, the SDS-PAGE pattern of the proteins remained unchanged. Therefore, there are two mechanisms of hardening. The 'ionophore-activation hardening' was inhibited by cadaverine. When chorions were isolated 20 min after Ca2+-ionophore activation and kept in Ca'+-free conditions, the 'ionophore-activation hardening' process was arrested: further hardening was resumed on addition of Ca2+ to the medium. These results suggest the presence of some hardening machinery in isolated chorions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Hardening of the Egg Envelope (Chorion) of the Fish, Oryzias latipes

1991

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“…In order to activate the unfertilized eggs in the laboratory, they were put into tap water. After the water activation (12,25), the chorion samples were prepared as described later.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Change in Component Proteins of the Egg Envelope (Chorion) of Rainbow Trout during Hardening

1991

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Egg envelope (chorion) of unfertilized eggs of rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss, consists of 4 major protein components whose molecular weights are approximately 110 K, 64 K, 56 K and 50 K. On hardening of the chorion after activation, 64 K, 56 K and 50 K components disappeared, some components higher than 160 K were newly formed and the solubility of the chorion in 1 N NaOH or 12 M urea-2% SDS-1% 2-mercaptoethanol (Sample Buffer) decreased. This implies that probable formation of covalent crosslinks between the constituents occurs during the hardening.Hardening occurred also in the chorion isolated from the unfertilized eggs. The conversion of the 64 K, 56 K and 50 K components into the higher molecular weight intermediates was CaZf-dependent, accelerated by 2-mercaptoethanol and inhibited by a high temperature (60°C). Optimum pH of this hardening system was acidic, i.e., 5.0 to 6.0.Cadaverine inhibited the change in solubility of chorion in NaOH or Sample Buffer, while it could not inhibit the disappearance of the 64 K, 56 K and 50 K components and the new formation of the higher molecular weight intermediates. This observation indicates existence of two processes in chorion hardening, which are tentatively named cadaverine-insensitive and cadaverine-sensitive processes.

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Electron microscopic studies on choriolysis by the hatching enzyme of the teleost, Oryzias latipes

Yamamoto

Yamagami

1975

Developmental Biology

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Hardening of the Chorion of Salmon Egg

Cited by 15 publications

References 0 publications

Analysis of Hardening of the Egg Envelope (Chorion) of the Fish, Oryzias latipes

Analysis of Hardening of the Egg Envelope (Chorion) of the Fish, Oryzias latipes

Change in Component Proteins of the Egg Envelope (Chorion) of Rainbow Trout during Hardening

Electron microscopic studies on choriolysis by the hatching enzyme of the teleost, Oryzias latipes

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