Hard X-ray imaging with microchannel plate optics

Price, Gareth J; Brunton, Adam N.; Fraser, George W.; Bavdaz, Marcos; Beijersbergen, Marco W.; Boutot, J. P.; Fairbend, Ray; Flyckt, S.O.; Peacock, A.; Tomaselli, Enrico

doi:10.1016/s0168-9002(02)01060-4

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…However, we believe that the geometry of existing MCPs, thoroughly studied and optimized for application of MCPs in X-ray [8] and neutron [19] optics, where requirements on the geometric accuracy is much stronger, …”

Section: The Mcp Transmission For a Neutron Beammentioning

confidence: 99%

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The theory of compact and efficient circular-pore MCP neutron collimators

Tremsin¹,

Feller²

2006

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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A novel type of thermal and cold neutron collimators based on microchannel plates (MCPs) doped with neutron absorbing atoms is discussed. Opposite to widely used Soller slit collimators, the microchannel plates collimate a beam of neutrons in 2 dimensions simultaneously and they are very compact. A detailed model of the circular-pore MCP collimator performance, described in this paper, can be used for optimization of MCP parameters in order to achieve the most efficient collimation for a given application.Among these parameters are the MCP geometrical dimensions, the type of absorbing atoms and their concentration in the MCP glass mixture, all constrained by the manufacturing limitations. The model predicts that the MCP collimators can be very efficient (rocking curve <0.1 o wide with high background suppression in the wings) and very compact (only few mm thick). In addition to collimation, the same microchannel plates can also be used for neutron imaging with a high spatial (~20 µm) and temporal * Corresponding author. E-mail address: ast@ssl.berkeley.edu (A.S. Tremsin) (~1 µs) resolution, opening up new possibilities for simultaneous beam collimation and monitoring.

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Section: The Mcp Transmission For a Neutron Beammentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microchannel plates are currently widely used in electron multiplying and photon counting imaging applications [4]- [7] as well as in X-ray focusing applications [8]. The existing microchannel plates typically consist of several million microchannels fused together into a monolithic disk-like structure (a section of which is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The theory of compact and efficient circular-pore MCP neutron collimators

Tremsin¹,

Feller²

2006

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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“…Fraser et al (1993a) describe the focusing of parallel beams of 0.1-2 keV X-rays, while results for hard X-ray focusing (50-65 keV) are presented by Price et al (2002). The present paper is concerned with the performance of MCP optics in the FUV waveband defined by the bandpass filters discussed above.…”

Section: Overviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Wide Field Auroral Imager (WFAI) for low Earth orbit missions

et al. 2007

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Abstract.A comprehensive understanding of the solar wind interaction with Earth's coupled magnetosphere-ionosphere system requires an ability to observe the charged particle environment and auroral activity from the same platform, generating particle and photon image data which are matched in time and location. While unambiguous identification of the particles giving rise to the aurora requires a Low Earth Orbit satellite, obtaining adequate spatial coverage of aurorae with the relatively limited field of view of current space bourne auroral imaging systems requires much higher orbits. A goal for future satellite missions, therefore, is the development of compact, wide field-of-view optics permitting high spatial and temporal resolution ultraviolet imaging of the aurora from small spacecraft in low polar orbit. Microchannel plate optics offer a method of achieving the required performance. We describe a new, compact instrument design which can observe a wide field-of-view with the required spatial resolution. We report the focusing of 121.6 nm radiation using a spherically-slumped, square-pore microchannel plate with a focal length of 32 mm and an F number of 0.7. Measurements are compared with detailed ray-trace simulations of imaging performance. The angular resolution is 2.7±0.2 • for the prototype, corresponding to a footprint ∼33 km in diameter for an aurora altitude of 110 km and a spacecraft altitude of 800 km. In preliminary analysis, a more recent optic has demonstrated a full width at half maximum of 5.0±0.3 arcminutes, corresponding to a footprint of ∼1 km from the same spacecraft altitude. We further report the imaging properties of a convex microchannel plate detector with planar resistive anode readout; this detector, whose active surface has a radius of curvature of only 100 mm, is shown to meet the spatial resolution and sensitivity requirements of the new wide field auroral imager (WFAI).

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“…As described in V. Grubsky, G.J. Price, and R. Willingale et al, the ultra-high aspect ratio (300:1) MPOs have regularly been produced and preliminary test results were obtained (Willingale et al 1998;Price et al 2002;Grubsky et al 2007). While the surface roughness was limited to 1 -2 nm, the test results were not better, due to the difficulty of the manufacturing process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication and Performance of Lobster Eye X-Ray Micro Pore Optics with the Ultra-high Aspect Ratio

Li¹,

Zhang²,

Ou-Yang³

et al. 2022

PASP

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Since the idea of bionic Lobster eye micropore optics was put forward, the possibility of focusing hard X-rays by this new lightweight X-ray optics has been proposed. Limited by the technological conditions of the aspect ratio (≥500), low surface roughness (≤1 nm) and the difficulty of applying metal coatings inside such narrow square channels, the high quality of these new optics have not been realized. This work demonstrates the test results for an Ultra-high aspect ratio (500:1) of iridium-coated with microchannel plate technology and atomic layer deposition technology. The sidewalls of the square channel are smoothed with a special acid-base treatment and the Root-Mean-Square of the inner wall was 0.52 ± 0.1 nm in 3 μm × 3 μm scale roughness, such that they work well as X-ray mirrors. The thickness of the metal iridium film layer was 19 nm. At the working voltage of 2 kV, the current was 0.1 mA and the angular resolution of the slumped chip in horizontal and vertical directions was 3.′9 and 4.′2, respectively. The simulation results were in good agreement with the X-ray test results.

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Hard X-ray imaging with microchannel plate optics

Cited by 16 publications

References 31 publications

The theory of compact and efficient circular-pore MCP neutron collimators

The theory of compact and efficient circular-pore MCP neutron collimators

A Wide Field Auroral Imager (WFAI) for low Earth orbit missions

Fabrication and Performance of Lobster Eye X-Ray Micro Pore Optics with the Ultra-high Aspect Ratio

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