Hard X-ray imaging by a spherical compound refractive lens

Abstract

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Quick Observation of Photoelectron Emission Microscopy with Focused Soft X-rays using Poly-capillary Lens

“…X-ray beams are generally focused using various types of X-ray optics such as a bent mirror [5,6], a zone plate [7] and refractive lenses [8][9][10]. Besides these X-ray focusing optics, a poly -capillary lens is recently developed simple focusing tool for X-ray, proposed by Kumakhov [11].…”

The role of single element errors in planar parabolic compound refractive lenses

“…Lengeler et al, 2001;Andrejczuk et al, 2007) and producing bubbles in a micro-capillary (e.g. Huang et al, 2009;Dudchik et al, 2003), have been applied. Lithographic methods can be very accurate not only in obtaining the shape of the surface of the lenses but also in aligning them together.…”