Hard carbon derived from rice husk as anode material for high performance potassium-ion batteries

Li, Wenting; Li, Zelin; Zhang, Chao; Liu, Wei; Han, Ce; Yan, Baijun; An, Shengli; Qiu, Xinping

doi:10.1016/j.ssi.2020.115319

Cited by 35 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…[ 12,31,38–41 ] Beyond LIBs, hard carbons have also been demonstrated to be potential anodes in other alkali metal batteries such as sodium/potassium ion batteries. [ 42–55 ] The latest research progress of carbonaceous anode materials for sodium‐ion batteries (SIBs) and potassium‐ion batteries (PIBs) has been reviewed many times. [ 34,36–41 ] However, not all issues in LIBs have been covered in these literatures.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hard Carbon Anodes for Next‐Generation Li‐Ion Batteries: Review and Perspective

Xie

Tang

et al. 2021

Advanced Energy Materials

288

158

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Carbonaceous materials have been accepted as a promising family of anode materials for lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) owing to optimal overall performance. Among various emerging carbonaceous anode materials, hard carbons have recently gained significant attention for high‐energy LIBs. The most attractive features of hard carbons are the enriched microcrystalline structure, which not only benefits the uptake of more Li+ ions but also facilitates the Li+ ions intercalation and deintercalation. However, the booming application of hard carbons is significantly slowed by the low initial Coulombic efficiency, large initial irreversible capacity, and voltage hysteresis. Many efforts have been devoted to address these challenges toward practical applications. This paper focuses on an up‐to‐date overview of hard carbons, with an emphasis on the lithium storage fundamentals and material classification of hard carbons as well as present challenges and potential solutions. The future prospects and perspectives on hard carbons to enable practical application in next‐generation batteries are also highlighted.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hard Carbon Anodes for Next‐Generation Li‐Ion Batteries: Review and Perspective

Xie

Tang

et al. 2021

Advanced Energy Materials

288

158

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…As shown in Figure e, there are only characteristic peaks of C and O elements in the XPS spectra for HCs at around 285 and 532 eV, respectively. The C 1s spectra of HCs can be divided into four peaks located at 284.8, 285.6, 286.5, and 290.1 eV (Figure S4a–c), corresponding to graphitized carbon (sp 2 carbon), defects in disordered carbon (sp 3 carbon), C–OH hydroxylic groups, and CO/C–O–C groups, , respectively. Generally speaking, the sp 2 bond forms random and disordered graphene layers, while the sp 3 bond is always located in the defect region .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-negligible Influence of Oxygen in Hard Carbon as an Anode Material for Potassium-Ion Batteries

Liu

Song

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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The development of potassium-ion batteries (PIBs) has been impeded by the lack of an appropriate carbon anode material that could accommodate K+ with a large ionic radius. Hard carbon with low cost and larger interlayer spacing is a promising anode material for PIBs. However, the impact of oxygen-containing functional groups in hard carbon (HC) is less reported. Herein, a hypercrosslinked polymer (HCLP) is prepared and used for the synthesis of microporous hard carbons with superior structural stability and abundant oxygen-containing functional groups and defects, in which the crosslinking agent provided copious oxygen atoms. It is found that a large number of CO groups and micropores provide more storage sites for K+. The surface-controlled process is dominated by the reversible reaction of CO + K+ + e– ↔ C–O–K, which directly increases the capacity contribution. The HCs obtained at 600 °C exhibit good cycling and rate performance with an initial specific capacity of about 254.3 mAh g–1 and the capacity retention of 83.2% after 200 cycles at 50 mA g–1. The capacity reached up to 121 mAh g–1 at 2 A g–1. A possible capacitive-adsorption mechanism is proposed by kinetic analysis. The redox reaction mechanism between CO and K+ at the HC is clearly also revealed.

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“…In particular, when the b value is close to 1, the electrochemical reaction of the electrode is dominated by capacitive behavior, such as the reaction between the K-ion and the C=O group. When the b value is equal to 0.5, the capacity contribution is controlled by the diffusion process [ 41 ]. Figure 3 b shows the relationship between the peak current of the OPDC electrode and the scanning rate.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

O-Doping Configurations Reduce the Adsorption Energy Barrier of K-Ions to Improve the Electrochemical Performance of Biomass-Derived Carbon

Zhao

Chen

et al. 2022

Micromachines

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In recent years, atomic-doping has been proven to significantly improve the electrochemical performance of biomass-derived carbon materials, which is a promising modification strategy. Among them, there are relatively few reports about O-doping. Here, porous carbon derived from orange peel was prepared by simple carbonization and airflow-annealing processes. Under the coordination of microstructure and surface groups, the derived carbon had excellent electrochemical performance for the K-ion batteries' anode, including a high reversible specific capacity of 320.8 mAh/g, high rate performance of 134.6 mAh/g at a current density of 2000 mA/g, and a retention rate of 79.5% even after 2000 long-term cycles, which shows great application potential. The K-ion storage mechanisms in different voltage ranges were discussed by using various characterization techniques, that is, the surface adsorbed of K-ionswas in the high-potential slope area, and the intercalation behavior corresponded to the low-potential quasi-plateau area. In addition, the density functional theory calculations further confirmed that O-doping can reduce the adsorption energy barrier of K-ions, change the charge density distribution, and promote the K-ion storage. In particular, the surface Faraday reaction between the C=O group and K-ions plays an important role in improving the electrochemical properties.

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Hard carbon derived from rice husk as anode material for high performance potassium-ion batteries

Cited by 35 publications

References 25 publications

Hard Carbon Anodes for Next‐Generation Li‐Ion Batteries: Review and Perspective

Hard Carbon Anodes for Next‐Generation Li‐Ion Batteries: Review and Perspective

Non-negligible Influence of Oxygen in Hard Carbon as an Anode Material for Potassium-Ion Batteries

O-Doping Configurations Reduce the Adsorption Energy Barrier of K-Ions to Improve the Electrochemical Performance of Biomass-Derived Carbon

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