Hard and soft tissue alterations during the healing stage of immediate implant placement and provisionalization with or without connective tissue graft: A randomized clinical trial

Abstract

Immediate implant placement and provisionalization (IIPP) in the extraction socket is an attractive treatment modality that facilitates immediate tooth replacement and reduces treatment time, cost and surgical trauma as compared to delayed approaches

Volumetric changes at implant sites: A systematic appraisal of traditional methods and optical scanning‐based digital technologies

“…Thirty‐two of the included studies (Basler et al, 2018; Benic et al, 2017; Bertl et al, 2017; Bittner et al, 2020; Borges et al, 2020; Cabanes‐Gumbau et al, 2019; Canullo et al, 2018; Clementini et al, 2020; De Bruyckere et al, 2020; Eeckhout et al, 2020; Fischer et al, 2019; Friberg & Jemt, 2012; Galarraga‐Vinueza et al, 2020; Hinze et al, 2018; Hosseini et al, 2020; Huber et al, 2018; Jiang et al, 2020; Papi et al, 2020; Parvini et al, 2020; Rojo et al, 2018, 2020; Sanz Martin et al, 2016; Sanz‐Martin et al, 2019; Sapata et al, 2018; Schneider et al, 2011; Thoma et al, 2020; Tian et al, 2019; van Nimwegen et al, 2018; Wang et al, 2019; Wei et al, 2019; Wittneben et al, 2016; Zeltner et al, 2017) assessed volumetric changes with optical scanning‐based digital technologies. Among them, four studies also assessed mucosal thickness (MT) changes with transgingival piercing methods (Hosseini et al, 2020; Huber et al, 2018; Papi et al, 2020; Thoma et al, 2020).…”

“…Twenty‐one studies (Basler et al, 2018; Benic et al, 2017; Bittner et al, 2020; Canullo et al, 2018; Clementini et al, 2020; De Bruyckere et al, 2020; Eeckhout et al, 2020; Fischer et al, 2019; Friberg & Jemt, 2012; Hinze et al, 2018; Hosseini et al, 2020; Huber et al, 2018; Sanz Martin et al, 2016; Sanz‐Martin et al, 2019; Sapata et al, 2018; Schneider et al, 2011; Thoma et al, 2020; van Nimwegen et al, 2018; Wang et al, 2019; Wittneben et al, 2016; Zeltner et al, 2017) reported generating 3D digital models from constructed dental casts obtained with different impression materials (including silicone, alginate, polyether, and polyvinyl siloxane) with the use of desktop 3D optical scanners (indirect technique). The other eleven studies (Bertl et al, 2017; Borges et al, 2020; Cabanes‐Gumbau et al, 2019; Galarraga‐Vinueza et al, 2020; Jiang et al, 2020; Papi et al, 2020; Parvini et al, 2020; Rojo et al, 2018, 2020; Tian et al, 2019; Wei et al, 2019) had obtained the 3D digital models with the use of intra‐oral scanners (direct technique). Among them, six studies reported that a short‐span area was scanned (Galarraga‐Vinueza et al, 2020; Parvini et al, 2020; Rojo et al, 2018, 2020; Tian et al, 2019; Wei et al, 2019), while other articles did not provide information regarding the size of the scanned area.…”

“…Among them, six studies reported that a short‐span area was scanned (Galarraga‐Vinueza et al, 2020; Parvini et al, 2020; Rojo et al, 2018, 2020; Tian et al, 2019; Wei et al, 2019), while other articles did not provide information regarding the size of the scanned area. The method of digital model superimposition was automated (using an algorithm of the software) in fourteen studies (De Bruyckere et al, 2020; Eeckhout et al, 2020; Fischer et al, 2019; Hinze et al, 2018; Huber et al, 2018; Sanz Martin et al, 2016; Sanz‐Martin et al, 2019; Schneider et al, 2011; Thoma et al, 2020; Tian et al, 2019; van Nimwegen et al, 2018; Wang et al, 2019; Wei et al, 2019; Zeltner et al, 2017), and ‘hybrid’/semi‐automated (by selecting reproducible points prior to the algorithm or by using a semiautomatic algorithm first followed by manual alignment) in eleven studies (Basler et al, 2018; Bertl et al, 2017; Borges et al, 2020; Clementini et al, 2020; Galarraga‐Vinueza et al, 2020; Jiang et al, 2020; Papi et al, 2020; Parvini et al, 2020; Rojo et al, 2018, 2020; Sapata et al, 2018), with the remaining articles that did not specify this aspect. Three studies reported the amount of range of errors/tolerance between the two STL files during the superimposition (Bertl et al, 2017; Tian et al, 2019; Wei et al, 2019).…”

“…Additionally, in ten studies, the operator who had performed the volumetric analysis had been blinded to the interventions (Borges et al, 2020; Clementini et al, 2020; Fischer et al, 2019; Rojo et al, 2018, 2020; Sanz Martin et al, 2016; Sapata et al, 2018; Thoma et al, 2020; Wang et al, 2019; Zeltner et al, 2017). All the included studies reported the software used for the volumetric analysis, with SMOP software (Swissmeda AG) being the most utilized (14 articles) (Basler et al, 2018; Benic et al, 2017; Clementini et al, 2020; De Bruyckere et al, 2020; Eeckhout et al, 2020; Fischer et al, 2019; Hinze et al, 2018; Huber et al, 2018; Sanz Martin et al, 2016; Sanz‐Martin et al, 2019; Sapata et al, 2018; Thoma et al, 2020; van Nimwegen et al, 2018; Zeltner et al, 2017), followed by Geomagic (3D systems) in eight studies (Borges et al, 2020; Jiang et al, 2020; Papi et al, 2020; Rojo et al, 2018, 2020; Tian et al, 2019; Wang et al, 2019; Wei et al, 2019) (Table 1). Comparison of the volumetric outcomes using different software was not explored among the included studies.…”

“…Vol changes in mm 3 were reported in 10 studies (Borges et al, 2020; Cabanes‐Gumbau et al, 2019; Clementini et al, 2020; De Bruyckere et al, 2020; Friberg & Jemt, 2012; Papi et al, 2020; Sanz‐Martin et al, 2019; van Nimwegen et al, 2018; Wang et al, 2019; Wittneben et al, 2016). LD changes were assessed in 15 studies (Basler et al, 2018; Benic et al, 2017; Bittner et al, 2020; Clementini et al, 2020; Galarraga‐Vinueza et al, 2020; Hosseini et al, 2020; Jiang et al, 2020; Papi et al, 2020; Rojo et al, 2018, 2020; Sanz Martin et al, 2016; Sanz‐Martin et al, 2019; Sapata et al, 2018; Wang et al, 2019; Wei et al, 2019), while the Δ D was analysed in 22 articles (Basler et al, 2018; Borges et al, 2020; Cabanes‐Gumbau et al, 2019; Canullo et al, 2018; Clementini et al, 2020; De Bruyckere et al, 2020; Eeckhout et al, 2020; Fischer et al, 2019; Friberg & Jemt, 2012; Galarraga‐Vinueza et al, 2020; Hinze et al, 2018; Huber et al, 2018; Parvini et al, 2020; Sanz Martin et al, 2016; Sanz‐Martin et al, 2019; Sapata et al, 2018; Schneider et al, 2011; Thoma et al, 2020; Tian et al, 2019; van Nimwegen et al, 2018; Wei et al, 2019; Zeltner et al, 2017).…”