Haplotype analysis with 14 Y-STR loci using 2 multiplex amplification and typing systems in 2 regional populations in Japan

Y‐chromosomal Binary Haplogroups in the Japanese Population and their Relationship to 16 Y‐STR Polymorphisms

“…We selected databases composed of as many STR loci as possible, as well as those including the DXYS156Y or DYS392 loci. The 200 samples from Asahikawa, a city situated in the central part of Hokkaido, the most northern island of Japan (Figure 1) (Sasaki & Dehiya, 2000), were composed of 8 loci (DYS19‐388‐3891‐3892‐390‐391‐392‐393); 207 from Nagoya, a city situated in Aichi Prefecture, and 87 from Okinawa, a southern island of Japan (Figure 1) (Uchihi et al . 2003), were composed of 12 loci (DYS19‐385‐3892‐390‐391‐392‐393‐435‐436‐437‐438‐439); 316 from Korea were composed of 10 loci (DXYS156Y‐DYS19‐385‐388‐3891‐3892‐390‐391‐392‐393) (Shin et al .…”

Development and Validation of the AmpFℓSTR® Yfiler™ PCR Amplification Kit: A Male Specific, Single Amplification 17 Y‐STR Multiplex System*

“…The combination of a five-dye chemistry (6-FAM TM , NED TM , PET s , VIC s , and LIZ s ) and the inclusion of non-nucleotide linkers made it technologically possible to incorporate additional highly polymorphic markers (DYS448, DYS456, DYS458, DYS635, and Y GATA H4) not previously seen in other single amplification systems. These markers have been extensively characterized by other groups and have been independently shown to provide additional power of discrimination in combination with the ''European minimal haplotype'' markers (16,24,(30)(31)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41)(42). We have demonstrated that the Yfiler TM kit markers in population studies provided higher haplotype diversity (0.9999 in U.S. Caucasians ([N 5 778]), 0.9999 in African Americans ([N 5 786]) and 0.9998 in U.S. Hispanics ([N 5 381])), and discriminatory capacity (95.5% in U.S. Caucasians, 97.6% in African Americans, and 95.8% in U.S. Hispanics) than the ''U.S.…”

Y-chromosomal STRs haplotypes in the Taiwanese Paiwan population

“…In total, 2112 reference samples from the following populations (all published and fully referenced in the YHRD) we used: 805 Taiwanese from Taiwan, YHRD Accession Numbers 003340 and YA003193 [19, 20], 170 Atayal from Taiwan, YA003524 [21], 109 Han Chinese from Minnan, YA003308 [22], 76 Filipinos from Manila, YA003202 [23], 211 Filipinos from Luzon, YA003206 [24], 334 Malays from Malaysia, YA003278 [25], 113 Bidayuh from Malaysia, YA003415 [26], 103 Iban from Malaysia, YA003416 [26], 104 Melanau from Malaysia, YA003417 [26] and 87 Japanese from Okinawa, YA003205 [27]. All pairwise comparisons between the indigenous Paiwan and Atayal and the other populations show large Φ st values and are significant at the 5% level (see Fig.…”

“…Comparisons among populations were computed by an analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) test. Pairwise values of Φ st , an analogue of F st that takes the evolutionary distance between individual haplotypes into account [17, 18], were calculated to measure genetic distances between minimal 9-locus haplotypes of the Paiwan and the published data from ten other populations [19–27] from the region ( n  = 2112) with the statistical significance determined by a permutation test (10,000 replicates). We used an implementation of AMOVA provided at the YHRD website [28].…”