Haplorchis taichui: Worm recovery rate and immune responses in infected rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Saenphet, Supap; Wongsawad, Chalobol; Saenphet, Kanokporn; Rojanapaibul, Amnat; Vanittanakom, Pramote; Chai, Jong-Yil

doi:10.1016/j.exppara.2008.07.002

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…One might speculate that the metacercariae present in the fish tissue used for infection in this study had a higher infectivity and therefore gave a higher establishment proportion than in studies, where artificially digestion and storage of metacercariae has been performed prior to infection. The high establishment proportion and the persistent egg excretion underline that foxes can serve as a good experimental model for H. pumilio infections and perhaps for other zoonotic heterophyids as well [9,35,36]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population dynamics and host reactions in young foxes following experimental infection with the minute intestinal fluke, Haplorchis pumilio

et al. 2013

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BackgroundInfections with fish-borne zoonotic trematodes (FZT) including the minute intestinal fluke, Haplorchis pumilio, are highly prevalent in Southeast Asia. However, little is known about the infection dynamics and clinical symptoms in the final hosts which include a range of animal species and man. We aimed to generate such information using an experimental model with H. pumilio in foxes.MethodEight commercially bred foxes were each orally infected with 2000 H. pumilio metacercariae. Another three foxes served as uninfected controls. Faecal examination for eggs was performed twice weekly. The body weight was measured, standard haematological and biochemical analysis were performed regularly. All foxes were euthanized at day 56 post infection (p.i.). Adult worms were quantified and location in the small intestine noted.ResultsAnorexia was observed in all infected foxes starting day 12 p.i. and lasting for approximately a week. A weight loss was noticed in the infected group in weeks 3–6 p.i. Five of eight infected foxes excreted H. pumilio eggs day 9 p.i. onwards, the remaining three started on day 13 p.i. Mean (± SD) faecal egg counts showed an initial peak at day 16–20 with a maximum of 1443 ± 1176 eggs per gram of faeces (epg), where after a stable egg output around 4–500 epg was seen. Worm burdens ranged between 116–2070 adult flukes with a mean (± SD) worm recovery of 948 ± 666. The majority of worms were found in the lower part of the jejunum. Total white blood cell and lymphocyte counts were significant lower in the infected group from first week p.i. onwards and throughout the study period. A significantly lower level of eosinophils was found in week 2 p.i. and transient anaemia was seen in week 2 and 4 p.i.ConclusionThis study showed a short prepatency period, an initial peak in egg excretion, establishment of infection in all animals with predilection site in the lower jejunum and a marked but transient clinical effect of the infection. The findings on egg output and prepatency should be taken into consideration when control programs targeting dogs and other reservoir hosts are to be established.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population dynamics and host reactions in young foxes following experimental infection with the minute intestinal fluke, Haplorchis pumilio

et al. 2013

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“…This is particularly true for Haplorchis taichui, as this trematode species has been continuously reported to be a public health problem in several countries in Southeast Asia (SEA) including Thailand, Lao-PDR, Vietnam, Myanmar and Cambodia (Kumchoo et al 2005;Van Van et al 2009;Chai et al 2013;Rim et al 2013;Anucherngchai et al 2016;Onsurathum et al 2016;Le et al 2017). H. taichui inhabits the intestinal mucosa of patients and causes mild inflammation with acute abdominal pain or appendicitis (Tantachamrun and Kliks 1978;Saenphet et al 2008). Moreover, it could be a possible etiologic agent for IBS-like symptoms in patients (Watthanakulpanich et al 2010;Mohammadi et al 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The rapid detection method by polymerase chain reaction for minute intestinal trematodes: Haplorchis taichui in intermediate snail hosts based on 18s ribosomal DNA

2018

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The minute intestinal trematode, , is an important parasite species that can infect humans and other mammals. This study investigated the outbreak of in thiarid snails in the lower part of the Chao Phraya Basin, Thailand by employing morphological and molecular-based methods. In development of a specific primer of , the PCR reaction was conducted with no cross-reaction to their hosts and other related trematode species. The highest level of sensitivity that could be amplified was 0.50 ng/μl and this was detected with only one egg in the sample. In terms of the epidemic results, the parapleurolophocercous cercaria infected only two species of thiarid snails ( and ) with an overall prevalence of 3.80% (23/605). The process of molecular identification revealed positive results indicating that eleven from twenty-three of parapleurolophocercous cercariae specimens in the lower part of the Chao Phraya Basin were. In conclusion, this study has developed a rapid detection method, which can discriminate from other parapleurolophocercous cercaria in intermediate snail hosts with a high level of sensitivity. Moreover, the high proportion of in parapleurolophocercous cercaria (47.83%) indicated that was the dominant species of this cercarial type and could infect cyprinoid fish in the lower part of the Chao Phraya Basin leading to public health problems in this area. Thus, a specific primer could be useful in the detection and surveillance of outbreaks in their hosts. Recognition of this has resulted in the creation of important prevention programs in these infected areas in the further study.

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Heterophyids

Chai¹

2019

Human Intestinal Flukes

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Haplorchis taichui: Worm recovery rate and immune responses in infected rats (Rattus norvegicus)

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Population dynamics and host reactions in young foxes following experimental infection with the minute intestinal fluke, Haplorchis pumilio

Population dynamics and host reactions in young foxes following experimental infection with the minute intestinal fluke, Haplorchis pumilio

The rapid detection method by polymerase chain reaction for minute intestinal trematodes: Haplorchis taichui in intermediate snail hosts based on 18s ribosomal DNA

Heterophyids

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